Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation
Potassium ion concentrations, controlled by ion pumps and potassium channels, predominantly govern a cell′s membrane potential and the tone in the vessels. Calcium-activated potassium channels respond to two different stimuli-changes in voltage and/or changes in intracellular free calcium. Large con...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1629 |
| _version_ | 1797511056501768192 |
|---|---|
| author | Divya Guntur Horst Olschewski Péter Enyedi Réka Csáki Andrea Olschewski Chandran Nagaraj |
| author_facet | Divya Guntur Horst Olschewski Péter Enyedi Réka Csáki Andrea Olschewski Chandran Nagaraj |
| author_sort | Divya Guntur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Potassium ion concentrations, controlled by ion pumps and potassium channels, predominantly govern a cell′s membrane potential and the tone in the vessels. Calcium-activated potassium channels respond to two different stimuli-changes in voltage and/or changes in intracellular free calcium. Large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels assemble from pore forming and various modulatory and auxiliary subunits. They are of vital significance due to their very high unitary conductance and hence their ability to rapidly cause extreme changes in the membrane potential. The pathophysiology of lung diseases in general and pulmonary hypertension, in particular, show the implication of either decreased expression and partial inactivation of BKCa channel and its subunits or mutations in the genes encoding different subunits of the channel. Signaling molecules, circulating humoral molecules, vasorelaxant agents, etc., have an influence on the open probability of the channel in pulmonary arterial vascular cells. BKCa channel is a possible therapeutic target, aimed to cause vasodilation in constricted or chronically stiffened vessels, as shown in various animal models. This review is a comprehensive collation of studies on BKCa channels in the pulmonary circulation under hypoxia (hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; HPV), lung pathology, and fetal to neonatal transition, emphasising pharmacological interventions as viable therapeutic options. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:40:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24b76b3506734b778fc1601f27624dd6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:40:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-24b76b3506734b778fc1601f27624dd62023-11-22T22:33:59ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-11-011111162910.3390/biom11111629Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary CirculationDivya Guntur0Horst Olschewski1Péter Enyedi2Réka Csáki3Andrea Olschewski4Chandran Nagaraj5Experimental Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, AustriaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036 Graz, AustriaDepartment of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó utca 37-47, 1094 Budapest, HungaryExperimental Anaesthesiology, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 5, 8036 Graz, AustriaLudwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, 8010 Graz, AustriaPotassium ion concentrations, controlled by ion pumps and potassium channels, predominantly govern a cell′s membrane potential and the tone in the vessels. Calcium-activated potassium channels respond to two different stimuli-changes in voltage and/or changes in intracellular free calcium. Large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels assemble from pore forming and various modulatory and auxiliary subunits. They are of vital significance due to their very high unitary conductance and hence their ability to rapidly cause extreme changes in the membrane potential. The pathophysiology of lung diseases in general and pulmonary hypertension, in particular, show the implication of either decreased expression and partial inactivation of BKCa channel and its subunits or mutations in the genes encoding different subunits of the channel. Signaling molecules, circulating humoral molecules, vasorelaxant agents, etc., have an influence on the open probability of the channel in pulmonary arterial vascular cells. BKCa channel is a possible therapeutic target, aimed to cause vasodilation in constricted or chronically stiffened vessels, as shown in various animal models. This review is a comprehensive collation of studies on BKCa channels in the pulmonary circulation under hypoxia (hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction; HPV), lung pathology, and fetal to neonatal transition, emphasising pharmacological interventions as viable therapeutic options.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1629large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channelsKCNMA1KCNMB1KCNMB2LRRC26pulmonary circulation |
| spellingShingle | Divya Guntur Horst Olschewski Péter Enyedi Réka Csáki Andrea Olschewski Chandran Nagaraj Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation Biomolecules large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels KCNMA1 KCNMB1 KCNMB2 LRRC26 pulmonary circulation |
| title | Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation |
| title_full | Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation |
| title_fullStr | Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation |
| title_short | Revisiting the Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium (BKCa) Channels in the Pulmonary Circulation |
| title_sort | revisiting the large conductance calcium activated potassium bkca channels in the pulmonary circulation |
| topic | large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels KCNMA1 KCNMB1 KCNMB2 LRRC26 pulmonary circulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1629 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT divyaguntur revisitingthelargeconductancecalciumactivatedpotassiumbkcachannelsinthepulmonarycirculation AT horstolschewski revisitingthelargeconductancecalciumactivatedpotassiumbkcachannelsinthepulmonarycirculation AT peterenyedi revisitingthelargeconductancecalciumactivatedpotassiumbkcachannelsinthepulmonarycirculation AT rekacsaki revisitingthelargeconductancecalciumactivatedpotassiumbkcachannelsinthepulmonarycirculation AT andreaolschewski revisitingthelargeconductancecalciumactivatedpotassiumbkcachannelsinthepulmonarycirculation AT chandrannagaraj revisitingthelargeconductancecalciumactivatedpotassiumbkcachannelsinthepulmonarycirculation |