Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai
With the implementation of various stringent emission reduction measures since 2013 in China, significant declines in fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations have occurred nationwide. However, China has suffered from increasing levels of ozone pollution in eastern urban areas. Many studies focus on the...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1015723/full |
| _version_ | 1828725603064348672 |
|---|---|
| author | Yongzhao Sun Xiaoyan Wang Xiaoyan Wang Xiaoyan Wang |
| author_facet | Yongzhao Sun Xiaoyan Wang Xiaoyan Wang Xiaoyan Wang |
| author_sort | Yongzhao Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the implementation of various stringent emission reduction measures since 2013 in China, significant declines in fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations have occurred nationwide. However, China has suffered from increasing levels of ozone pollution in eastern urban areas. Many studies focus on the chemical interaction between PM2.5 and O3, but the meteorological mechanisms of the seesaw variation pattern between them are still unclear. Taking the megacity Shanghai (SH) as an example, we explored the meteorological causes of two types of PM2.5-O3 concentration variation seesaw events, i.e., high PM2.5 concentration with low O3 concentration (Type-one) events and low-PM-high-O3 (Type-two) seesaw events. The backward trajectories of the 144 Type-one events are divided into three clusters. Among the three clusters of Type-one seesaw events, the boundary layer height decreases by 20.53%–53.58%, and the wind speed decreases by 17.99%–28.29%, which is unfavorable for the diffusion of local air pollutants and contributes to the accumulation of PM2.5. Additionally, a backward air mass with a high content of PM2.5 plays an important role in the Type-one events, especially in the case of cluster one. In terms of cluster two, the increase in cloud cover, decrease in solar radiation and increase in relative humidity also promote the hygroscopic growth of aerosols and suppress the production of O3. As for cluster three, higher cloud cover and relative humidity contribute to the seesaw pattern of PM and O3. The 64 Type-two seesaw events are divided into two clusters. O3-rich air masses from the nearby east sea surface and remote northeast China increase the local O3 of SH. Moreover, in cluster one, high boundary layer depth and wet deposition contribute to the decrease in PM2.5 concentration. In cluster two, a obvious decrease in cloud cover and increase in solar radiation are also favorable for the photochemical production of ozone. The results will provide suggestions for the government to use to take measures to improve the air quality of SHs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:29:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24bccb0d417c43e096f664c5c6ca125b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:29:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-24bccb0d417c43e096f664c5c6ca125b2022-12-22T03:31:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2022-10-011010.3389/fenvs.2022.10157231015723Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in ShanghaiYongzhao Sun0Xiaoyan Wang1Xiaoyan Wang2Xiaoyan Wang3Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaCMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, ChinaWith the implementation of various stringent emission reduction measures since 2013 in China, significant declines in fine particle (PM2.5) concentrations have occurred nationwide. However, China has suffered from increasing levels of ozone pollution in eastern urban areas. Many studies focus on the chemical interaction between PM2.5 and O3, but the meteorological mechanisms of the seesaw variation pattern between them are still unclear. Taking the megacity Shanghai (SH) as an example, we explored the meteorological causes of two types of PM2.5-O3 concentration variation seesaw events, i.e., high PM2.5 concentration with low O3 concentration (Type-one) events and low-PM-high-O3 (Type-two) seesaw events. The backward trajectories of the 144 Type-one events are divided into three clusters. Among the three clusters of Type-one seesaw events, the boundary layer height decreases by 20.53%–53.58%, and the wind speed decreases by 17.99%–28.29%, which is unfavorable for the diffusion of local air pollutants and contributes to the accumulation of PM2.5. Additionally, a backward air mass with a high content of PM2.5 plays an important role in the Type-one events, especially in the case of cluster one. In terms of cluster two, the increase in cloud cover, decrease in solar radiation and increase in relative humidity also promote the hygroscopic growth of aerosols and suppress the production of O3. As for cluster three, higher cloud cover and relative humidity contribute to the seesaw pattern of PM and O3. The 64 Type-two seesaw events are divided into two clusters. O3-rich air masses from the nearby east sea surface and remote northeast China increase the local O3 of SH. Moreover, in cluster one, high boundary layer depth and wet deposition contribute to the decrease in PM2.5 concentration. In cluster two, a obvious decrease in cloud cover and increase in solar radiation are also favorable for the photochemical production of ozone. The results will provide suggestions for the government to use to take measures to improve the air quality of SHs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1015723/fullPM2.5O3meteorological mechanismsShanghaibackward trajectory |
| spellingShingle | Yongzhao Sun Xiaoyan Wang Xiaoyan Wang Xiaoyan Wang Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai Frontiers in Environmental Science PM2.5 O3 meteorological mechanisms Shanghai backward trajectory |
| title | Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai |
| title_full | Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai |
| title_fullStr | Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai |
| title_full_unstemmed | Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai |
| title_short | Meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between PM2.5 and O3 in Shanghai |
| title_sort | meteorological factor contributions to the seesaw concentration pattern between pm2 5 and o3 in shanghai |
| topic | PM2.5 O3 meteorological mechanisms Shanghai backward trajectory |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.1015723/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yongzhaosun meteorologicalfactorcontributionstotheseesawconcentrationpatternbetweenpm25ando3inshanghai AT xiaoyanwang meteorologicalfactorcontributionstotheseesawconcentrationpatternbetweenpm25ando3inshanghai AT xiaoyanwang meteorologicalfactorcontributionstotheseesawconcentrationpatternbetweenpm25ando3inshanghai AT xiaoyanwang meteorologicalfactorcontributionstotheseesawconcentrationpatternbetweenpm25ando3inshanghai |