LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST
Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) information is an important data source for modeling environmental variables, so it is essential to develop high quality LULC maps. The hundreds of continuous spectral bands gathered with hyperspectral sensors provide high spectral detail and consequently confirm hyper...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019-06-01
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| Series: | The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences |
| Online Access: | https://www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLII-2-W13/1841/2019/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1841-2019.pdf |
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| author | L. E. Christovam G. G. Pessoa M. H. Shimabukuro M. H. Shimabukuro M. L. B. T. Galo M. L. B. T. Galo |
| author_facet | L. E. Christovam G. G. Pessoa M. H. Shimabukuro M. H. Shimabukuro M. L. B. T. Galo M. L. B. T. Galo |
| author_sort | L. E. Christovam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) information is an important data source for modeling environmental variables, so it is essential to develop high quality LULC maps. The hundreds of continuous spectral bands gathered with hyperspectral sensors provide high spectral detail and consequently confirm hyperspectral remote sensing as an appropriate option for many LULC applications. Despite increased spectral detail, issues like high dimensionality, huge volume of data and redundant information, mean that hyperspectral image classification is a complex task. It is therefore essential to develop classification approaches that deals with these issues. Since classification results are directly dependent on the dataset used, it is fundamental to compare and validate the classification approaches in public datasets. With this in mind, aiming to provide a baseline, four classification models in the relatively new hyperspectral HyRANK dataset were evaluated. The classification models were defined with three well-known classification algorithms: Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). A classification model with SAM and another with RF were defined with the 176 surface reflectance bands. A dimensionality reduction with principal component analysis was carried out and a classification model with SVM and another with RF were defined using 14 principal components as features. The results show that SVM and RF algorithms outperformed by far the SAM in terms of accuracy, and that the RF is slightly better than the SVM in this respect. It is also possible to see from the results that the use of principal components as features provided an improvement in the accuracy of the RF and an improvement of 28% in the time spent fitting the classification model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:43:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24c3a1ea49d04ac783cf309c5910666a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1682-1750 2194-9034 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T02:43:24Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-24c3a1ea49d04ac783cf309c5910666a2022-12-21T19:56:15ZengCopernicus PublicationsThe International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences1682-17502194-90342019-06-01XLII-2-W131841184710.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1841-2019LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FORESTL. E. Christovam0G. G. Pessoa1M. H. Shimabukuro2M. H. Shimabukuro3M. L. B. T. Galo4M. L. B. T. Galo5Graduate Program in Cartographic Sciences, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, BrazilGraduate Program in Cartographic Sciences, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, BrazilGraduate Program in Cartographic Sciences, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, BrazilDept. of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, BrazilGraduate Program in Cartographic Sciences, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, BrazilDept. of Cartography, São Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, BrazilLand Use and Land Cover (LULC) information is an important data source for modeling environmental variables, so it is essential to develop high quality LULC maps. The hundreds of continuous spectral bands gathered with hyperspectral sensors provide high spectral detail and consequently confirm hyperspectral remote sensing as an appropriate option for many LULC applications. Despite increased spectral detail, issues like high dimensionality, huge volume of data and redundant information, mean that hyperspectral image classification is a complex task. It is therefore essential to develop classification approaches that deals with these issues. Since classification results are directly dependent on the dataset used, it is fundamental to compare and validate the classification approaches in public datasets. With this in mind, aiming to provide a baseline, four classification models in the relatively new hyperspectral HyRANK dataset were evaluated. The classification models were defined with three well-known classification algorithms: Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF). A classification model with SAM and another with RF were defined with the 176 surface reflectance bands. A dimensionality reduction with principal component analysis was carried out and a classification model with SVM and another with RF were defined using 14 principal components as features. The results show that SVM and RF algorithms outperformed by far the SAM in terms of accuracy, and that the RF is slightly better than the SVM in this respect. It is also possible to see from the results that the use of principal components as features provided an improvement in the accuracy of the RF and an improvement of 28% in the time spent fitting the classification model.https://www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLII-2-W13/1841/2019/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1841-2019.pdf |
| spellingShingle | L. E. Christovam G. G. Pessoa M. H. Shimabukuro M. H. Shimabukuro M. L. B. T. Galo M. L. B. T. Galo LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences |
| title | LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST |
| title_full | LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST |
| title_fullStr | LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST |
| title_full_unstemmed | LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST |
| title_short | LAND USE AND LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION USING HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY: EVALUATING THE PERFORMANCE OF SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPER, SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND RANDOM FOREST |
| title_sort | land use and land cover classification using hyperspectral imagery evaluating the performance of spectral angle mapper support vector machine and random forest |
| url | https://www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net/XLII-2-W13/1841/2019/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W13-1841-2019.pdf |
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