A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato
Sulfated glycoproteins extracted for the first time from the Moroccan green seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> were investigated for their ability to induce a natural defense metabolism in the roots and the upper leaves of tomato seedlings. The crude (AGB) and the purified fractions (AGP...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| author | Meriem Aitouguinane Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi Halima Rchid Imen Fendri Slim Abdelkafi Mohamed Didi Ould El-Hadj Zakaria Boual Pascal Dubessay Philippe Michaud Didier Le Cerf Christophe Rihouey Guillaume Pierre Cédric Delattre Cherkaoui El Modafar |
| author_facet | Meriem Aitouguinane Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi Halima Rchid Imen Fendri Slim Abdelkafi Mohamed Didi Ould El-Hadj Zakaria Boual Pascal Dubessay Philippe Michaud Didier Le Cerf Christophe Rihouey Guillaume Pierre Cédric Delattre Cherkaoui El Modafar |
| author_sort | Meriem Aitouguinane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sulfated glycoproteins extracted for the first time from the Moroccan green seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> were investigated for their ability to induce a natural defense metabolism in the roots and the upper leaves of tomato seedlings. The crude (AGB) and the purified fractions (AGP) were characterized chemically (Colorimetric assays) and structurally (SEC-MALS, GC-EI/MS, ATR-FTIR). The elicitor aqueous solutions (1 g/L) were applied by foliar spray and syringe infiltration into the internodal middle of 45-day-old tomato seedlings. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, polyphenols, and lignin contents were measured in the roots and the leaves after 0 h, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. The AGB and AGP extracts contained 37.67% and 48.38% of the total carbohydrates, respectively, and were mainly composed of galactose, glucose, arabinose, and a minor amount of xylose and rhamnose. They were characterized by an important molecular weight (M<sub>w</sub>) > of 2000 × 10<sup>3</sup> g·mol<sup>−1</sup> and a high degree of sulfation and protein (12–23% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>)), indicating that the extracted polysaccharides could be an arabinogalactan-rich protein present in the cell wall of the green seaweed <i>C. decorticatum</i>. Both crude and purified fractions exhibited an elicitor effect by inducing the PAL activity, the accumulation of phenolic compounds and lignin contents in the roots and the leaves of tomato seedlings. These responses were systemic in both the methods used (injection and foliar spray) and were mobilized throughout tissues that are not directly treated (roots and/or leaves). Regarding the elicitor activities, AGB and AGP presented globally similar patterns, which revealed the importance of crude extracts in the stimulation of plant immunity. These results suggest the new application of sulfated glycoprotein isolated from green seaweed in agriculture as inducers of natural defenses of plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:05:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24d9977753604b2bb987d5411380c61b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:05:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-24d9977753604b2bb987d5411380c61b2023-11-30T22:58:34ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-04-01127364310.3390/app12073643A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in TomatoMeriem Aitouguinane0Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi1Halima Rchid2Imen Fendri3Slim Abdelkafi4Mohamed Didi Ould El-Hadj5Zakaria Boual6Pascal Dubessay7Philippe Michaud8Didier Le Cerf9Christophe Rihouey10Guillaume Pierre11Cédric Delattre12Cherkaoui El Modafar13Centre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST 05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoCentre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST 05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoLaboratoire de Biotechnologies et Valorisation des Ressources Végétales, Faculté des Sciences, Université Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, MoroccoLaboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes Appliquée à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, TunisiaLaboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Equipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, TunisiaLaboratoire de Protection des Ecosystèmes en Zones arides et Semi-Arides, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie BP 511, Ouargla Université, Université Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla 30000, AlgeriaLaboratoire de Protection des Ecosystèmes en Zones arides et Semi-Arides, Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie BP 511, Ouargla Université, Université Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla 30000, AlgeriaCNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceCNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceDépartement de Chimie, Université de Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 76000 Rouen, FranceDépartement de Chimie, Université de Rouen Normandie, INSA Rouen, CNRS, PBS, 76000 Rouen, FranceCNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceCNRS, Clermont Auvergne INP, Institut Pascal, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceCentre d’Agrobiotechnologie et Bioingénierie, Unité de Recherche Labellisée CNRST (Centre AgroBiotech, URL-CNRST 05), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoSulfated glycoproteins extracted for the first time from the Moroccan green seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> were investigated for their ability to induce a natural defense metabolism in the roots and the upper leaves of tomato seedlings. The crude (AGB) and the purified fractions (AGP) were characterized chemically (Colorimetric assays) and structurally (SEC-MALS, GC-EI/MS, ATR-FTIR). The elicitor aqueous solutions (1 g/L) were applied by foliar spray and syringe infiltration into the internodal middle of 45-day-old tomato seedlings. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, polyphenols, and lignin contents were measured in the roots and the leaves after 0 h, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. The AGB and AGP extracts contained 37.67% and 48.38% of the total carbohydrates, respectively, and were mainly composed of galactose, glucose, arabinose, and a minor amount of xylose and rhamnose. They were characterized by an important molecular weight (M<sub>w</sub>) > of 2000 × 10<sup>3</sup> g·mol<sup>−1</sup> and a high degree of sulfation and protein (12–23% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>)), indicating that the extracted polysaccharides could be an arabinogalactan-rich protein present in the cell wall of the green seaweed <i>C. decorticatum</i>. Both crude and purified fractions exhibited an elicitor effect by inducing the PAL activity, the accumulation of phenolic compounds and lignin contents in the roots and the leaves of tomato seedlings. These responses were systemic in both the methods used (injection and foliar spray) and were mobilized throughout tissues that are not directly treated (roots and/or leaves). Regarding the elicitor activities, AGB and AGP presented globally similar patterns, which revealed the importance of crude extracts in the stimulation of plant immunity. These results suggest the new application of sulfated glycoprotein isolated from green seaweed in agriculture as inducers of natural defenses of plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/7/3643sulfated arabinogalactan-rich proteingreen seaweedPAL activitypolyphenolsligninelicitor |
| spellingShingle | Meriem Aitouguinane Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi Halima Rchid Imen Fendri Slim Abdelkafi Mohamed Didi Ould El-Hadj Zakaria Boual Pascal Dubessay Philippe Michaud Didier Le Cerf Christophe Rihouey Guillaume Pierre Cédric Delattre Cherkaoui El Modafar A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato Applied Sciences sulfated arabinogalactan-rich protein green seaweed PAL activity polyphenols lignin elicitor |
| title | A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato |
| title_full | A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato |
| title_short | A Novel Sulfated Glycoprotein Elicitor Extracted from the Moroccan Green Seaweed <i>Codium decorticatum</i> Induces Natural Defenses in Tomato |
| title_sort | novel sulfated glycoprotein elicitor extracted from the moroccan green seaweed i codium decorticatum i induces natural defenses in tomato |
| topic | sulfated arabinogalactan-rich protein green seaweed PAL activity polyphenols lignin elicitor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/7/3643 |
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