Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
Objective/background: The objectives of this study are to describe the acid-fast bacilli (AFB) yield of a front-loaded scheme in which an additional on-the-spot specimen (Xspot [Xs]) was collected 1 h after the first spot specimen and to compare the default rate between the front-loaded and standard...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2016-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Mycobacteriology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijmyco.org/article.asp?issn=2212-5531;year=2016;volume=5;issue=4;spage=489;epage=492;aulast=Ndubuisi |
| _version_ | 1811313649524932608 |
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| author | Nwachukwu O Ndubuisi Onyeagba R Azuonye Nwaugo O Victor Okonkwo C Robert Obiekwe Vivian |
| author_facet | Nwachukwu O Ndubuisi Onyeagba R Azuonye Nwaugo O Victor Okonkwo C Robert Obiekwe Vivian |
| author_sort | Nwachukwu O Ndubuisi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective/background: The objectives of this study are to describe the acid-fast bacilli (AFB) yield of a front-loaded scheme in which an additional on-the-spot specimen (Xspot [Xs]) was collected 1 h after the first spot specimen and to compare the default rate between the front-loaded and standard schemes. The performance of the front-loaded sputum microscopy was also compared with the standard World Health Organization (WHO) method for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Anambra State, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 1487 individuals with presumptive pulmonary TB participated. Participants' age ranged from 15 years and above. Three sputum specimens were submitted as spot–early morning–spot. An additional specimen (Xs) was submitted 1 h after the first spot. The sputum smears were stained using the Ziehl–Neelsen technique. Results: A total of 183 (12.3%) patients were AFB positive. The front-loaded scheme identified 182 (99%) TB patients, whereas the standard scheme identified 183 (100%) TB patients. The difference was not statistically significant (p > .05). The first two specimens of each scheme (S–Xs vs. S–M) identified 176 (96.2%) and 181 (98.9%) of PTB patients, respectively. Neither difference was statistically significant (p > .05). Default during the diagnostic process was 11% in the standard but only 0.7% in the front-load scheme. The difference was significant (p < .05). Conclusion: Front-loaded smear microscopy has similar performance compared with the standard scheme. More presumptive PTB cases defaulted in the standard than in the front-loaded scheme. Front-loaded smear microscopy could therefore be used in the diagnosis in PTB in Anambra State. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:58:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24dc5ee224324ed3b3c71c981e5b4057 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2212-5531 2212-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T10:58:34Z |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Mycobacteriology |
| spelling | doaj.art-24dc5ee224324ed3b3c71c981e5b40572022-12-22T02:49:28ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsInternational Journal of Mycobacteriology2212-55312212-554X2016-01-015448949210.1016/j.ijmyco.2016.04.005Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosisNwachukwu O NdubuisiOnyeagba R AzuonyeNwaugo O VictorOkonkwo C RobertObiekwe VivianObjective/background: The objectives of this study are to describe the acid-fast bacilli (AFB) yield of a front-loaded scheme in which an additional on-the-spot specimen (Xspot [Xs]) was collected 1 h after the first spot specimen and to compare the default rate between the front-loaded and standard schemes. The performance of the front-loaded sputum microscopy was also compared with the standard World Health Organization (WHO) method for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Anambra State, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 1487 individuals with presumptive pulmonary TB participated. Participants' age ranged from 15 years and above. Three sputum specimens were submitted as spot–early morning–spot. An additional specimen (Xs) was submitted 1 h after the first spot. The sputum smears were stained using the Ziehl–Neelsen technique. Results: A total of 183 (12.3%) patients were AFB positive. The front-loaded scheme identified 182 (99%) TB patients, whereas the standard scheme identified 183 (100%) TB patients. The difference was not statistically significant (p > .05). The first two specimens of each scheme (S–Xs vs. S–M) identified 176 (96.2%) and 181 (98.9%) of PTB patients, respectively. Neither difference was statistically significant (p > .05). Default during the diagnostic process was 11% in the standard but only 0.7% in the front-load scheme. The difference was significant (p < .05). Conclusion: Front-loaded smear microscopy has similar performance compared with the standard scheme. More presumptive PTB cases defaulted in the standard than in the front-loaded scheme. Front-loaded smear microscopy could therefore be used in the diagnosis in PTB in Anambra State.http://www.ijmyco.org/article.asp?issn=2212-5531;year=2016;volume=5;issue=4;spage=489;epage=492;aulast=NdubuisiDefaultDiagnosisFront-loadingPulmonary tuberculosisWorld Health Organization standard |
| spellingShingle | Nwachukwu O Ndubuisi Onyeagba R Azuonye Nwaugo O Victor Okonkwo C Robert Obiekwe Vivian Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis International Journal of Mycobacteriology Default Diagnosis Front-loading Pulmonary tuberculosis World Health Organization standard |
| title | Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_full | Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_short | Front-loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis |
| title_sort | front loaded sputum microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis |
| topic | Default Diagnosis Front-loading Pulmonary tuberculosis World Health Organization standard |
| url | http://www.ijmyco.org/article.asp?issn=2212-5531;year=2016;volume=5;issue=4;spage=489;epage=492;aulast=Ndubuisi |
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