Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion
Deep learning (DL) represents the golden era in the machine learning (ML) domain, and it has gradually become the leading approach in many fields. It is currently playing a vital role in the early detection and classification of plant diseases. The use of ML techniques in this field is viewed as hav...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/10/1302 |
| _version_ | 1797551987173097472 |
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| author | Reem Ibrahim Hasan Suhaila Mohd Yusuf Laith Alzubaidi |
| author_facet | Reem Ibrahim Hasan Suhaila Mohd Yusuf Laith Alzubaidi |
| author_sort | Reem Ibrahim Hasan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Deep learning (DL) represents the golden era in the machine learning (ML) domain, and it has gradually become the leading approach in many fields. It is currently playing a vital role in the early detection and classification of plant diseases. The use of ML techniques in this field is viewed as having brought considerable improvement in cultivation productivity sectors, particularly with the recent emergence of DL, which seems to have increased accuracy levels. Recently, many DL architectures have been implemented accompanying visualisation techniques that are essential for determining symptoms and classifying plant diseases. This review investigates and analyses the most recent methods, developed over three years leading up to 2020, for training, augmentation, feature fusion and extraction, recognising and counting crops, and detecting plant diseases, including how these methods can be harnessed to feed deep classifiers and their effects on classifier accuracy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:53:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24de4cb9828b4c77a16783ecc3216547 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:53:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-24de4cb9828b4c77a16783ecc32165472023-11-20T15:51:05ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-10-01910130210.3390/plants9101302Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and DiscussionReem Ibrahim Hasan0Suhaila Mohd Yusuf1Laith Alzubaidi2School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, MalaysiaSchool of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81310, MalaysiaAl-Nidhal Campus, University of Information Technology & Communications, Baghdad 00964, IraqDeep learning (DL) represents the golden era in the machine learning (ML) domain, and it has gradually become the leading approach in many fields. It is currently playing a vital role in the early detection and classification of plant diseases. The use of ML techniques in this field is viewed as having brought considerable improvement in cultivation productivity sectors, particularly with the recent emergence of DL, which seems to have increased accuracy levels. Recently, many DL architectures have been implemented accompanying visualisation techniques that are essential for determining symptoms and classifying plant diseases. This review investigates and analyses the most recent methods, developed over three years leading up to 2020, for training, augmentation, feature fusion and extraction, recognising and counting crops, and detecting plant diseases, including how these methods can be harnessed to feed deep classifiers and their effects on classifier accuracy.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/10/1302plant diseasesshallow classifierdeep learningtransfer learningfeature visualisationfeature extraction |
| spellingShingle | Reem Ibrahim Hasan Suhaila Mohd Yusuf Laith Alzubaidi Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion Plants plant diseases shallow classifier deep learning transfer learning feature visualisation feature extraction |
| title | Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion |
| title_full | Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion |
| title_fullStr | Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion |
| title_short | Review of the State of the Art of Deep Learning for Plant Diseases: A Broad Analysis and Discussion |
| title_sort | review of the state of the art of deep learning for plant diseases a broad analysis and discussion |
| topic | plant diseases shallow classifier deep learning transfer learning feature visualisation feature extraction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/10/1302 |
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