Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability
Responsive (smart, intelligent, adaptive) polymers have been widely explored for a variety of advanced applications in recent years. The thermoresponsive poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm), which has a better biocompatibility than the widely investigated poly(...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/987 |
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| author | György Kasza Tímea Stumphauser Márk Bisztrán Györgyi Szarka Imre Hegedüs Endre Nagy Béla Iván |
| author_facet | György Kasza Tímea Stumphauser Márk Bisztrán Györgyi Szarka Imre Hegedüs Endre Nagy Béla Iván |
| author_sort | György Kasza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Responsive (smart, intelligent, adaptive) polymers have been widely explored for a variety of advanced applications in recent years. The thermoresponsive poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm), which has a better biocompatibility than the widely investigated poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide), has gained increased interest in recent years. In this paper, the successful synthesis, characterization, and bioconjugation of a novel thermoresponsive copolymer, poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA)), obtained by free radical copolymerization with various comonomer contents and monomer/initiator ratios are reported. It was found that all the investigated copolymers possess LCST-type thermoresponsive behavior with small extent of hysteresis, and the critical solution temperatures (CST), i.e., the cloud and clearing points, decrease linearly with increasing GMA content of these copolymers. The P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA) copolymer with pendant epoxy groups was found to conjugate efficiently with α-chymotrypsin in a direct, one-step reaction, leading to enzyme–polymer nanoparticle (EPNP) with average size of 56.9 nm. This EPNP also shows reversible thermoresponsive behavior with somewhat higher critical solution temperature than that of the unreacted P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA). Although the catalytic activity of the enzyme–polymer nanoconjugate is lower than that of the native enzyme, the results of the enzyme activity investigations prove that the pH and thermal stability of the enzyme is significantly enhanced by conjugation the with P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA) copolymer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:58:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-24f72c3be1e2474085c95cd73e8516da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:58:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-24f72c3be1e2474085c95cd73e8516da2023-11-21T11:41:52ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602021-03-0113698710.3390/polym13060987Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme StabilityGyörgy Kasza0Tímea Stumphauser1Márk Bisztrán2Györgyi Szarka3Imre Hegedüs4Endre Nagy5Béla Iván6Polymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environment Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, HungaryPolymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environment Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, HungaryPolymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environment Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, HungaryPolymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environment Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, HungaryChemical and Biochemical Procedures Laboratory, Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, HungaryChemical and Biochemical Procedures Laboratory, Institute of Biomolecular and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Pannonia, Egyetem u. 10, H-8200 Veszprém, HungaryPolymer Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environment Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2., H-1117 Budapest, HungaryResponsive (smart, intelligent, adaptive) polymers have been widely explored for a variety of advanced applications in recent years. The thermoresponsive poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide) (PDEAAm), which has a better biocompatibility than the widely investigated poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide), has gained increased interest in recent years. In this paper, the successful synthesis, characterization, and bioconjugation of a novel thermoresponsive copolymer, poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA)), obtained by free radical copolymerization with various comonomer contents and monomer/initiator ratios are reported. It was found that all the investigated copolymers possess LCST-type thermoresponsive behavior with small extent of hysteresis, and the critical solution temperatures (CST), i.e., the cloud and clearing points, decrease linearly with increasing GMA content of these copolymers. The P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA) copolymer with pendant epoxy groups was found to conjugate efficiently with α-chymotrypsin in a direct, one-step reaction, leading to enzyme–polymer nanoparticle (EPNP) with average size of 56.9 nm. This EPNP also shows reversible thermoresponsive behavior with somewhat higher critical solution temperature than that of the unreacted P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA). Although the catalytic activity of the enzyme–polymer nanoconjugate is lower than that of the native enzyme, the results of the enzyme activity investigations prove that the pH and thermal stability of the enzyme is significantly enhanced by conjugation the with P(DEAAm-<i>co</i>-GMA) copolymer.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/987poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide)glycidyl methacrylatethermoresponsive copolymerα-chymotrypsinpolymer-enzyme conjugate nanoparticle |
| spellingShingle | György Kasza Tímea Stumphauser Márk Bisztrán Györgyi Szarka Imre Hegedüs Endre Nagy Béla Iván Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability Polymers poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide) glycidyl methacrylate thermoresponsive copolymer α-chymotrypsin polymer-enzyme conjugate nanoparticle |
| title | Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability |
| title_full | Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability |
| title_fullStr | Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability |
| title_short | Thermoresponsive Poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide-<i>co</i>-glycidyl methacrylate) Copolymers and Its Catalytically Active α-Chymotrypsin Bioconjugate with Enhanced Enzyme Stability |
| title_sort | thermoresponsive poly i n i i n i diethylacrylamide i co i glycidyl methacrylate copolymers and its catalytically active α chymotrypsin bioconjugate with enhanced enzyme stability |
| topic | poly(<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-diethylacrylamide) glycidyl methacrylate thermoresponsive copolymer α-chymotrypsin polymer-enzyme conjugate nanoparticle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/6/987 |
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