Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions
Extrusion-based 3D printing with rapidly hardening polymeric materials is capable of building almost any conceivable structure. However, concrete, one of the most widely used materials for large-scale structural components, is generally based on inorganic binder materials like Portland cement. Unlik...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127522005275 |
| _version_ | 1818496354996977664 |
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| author | Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy Iman Mehdipour Narayanan Neithalath Aditya Kumar Mathieu Bauchy Edward Garboczi Samanvaya Srivastava Torben Gaedt Gaurav Sant |
| author_facet | Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy Iman Mehdipour Narayanan Neithalath Aditya Kumar Mathieu Bauchy Edward Garboczi Samanvaya Srivastava Torben Gaedt Gaurav Sant |
| author_sort | Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extrusion-based 3D printing with rapidly hardening polymeric materials is capable of building almost any conceivable structure. However, concrete, one of the most widely used materials for large-scale structural components, is generally based on inorganic binder materials like Portland cement. Unlike polymeric materials, a lack of precise control of the extent and rate of solidification of cement-based suspensions is a major issue that affects the ability to 3D-print geometrically complex structures. Here, we demonstrate a novel method for controllable-rapid solidification of concentrated mineral suspensions that contain a polymer binder system based on epoxy and thiol precursors as well as one or more mineral fillers like quartz and calcite. The thermally triggered epoxy-thiol condensation polymerization induces rapid stiffening of the hybrid suspensions (0.30 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.60), at trigger temperatures ranging between 50 °C and 90 °C achieving average stiffening rates up to 400 Pa/s. The use of nucleophilic initiators such as 1-methylimidazole provides control over the activation temperature and curing rate, thereby helping to achieve an adjustable induction period and excellent thermal latency. By using multiple techniques, we provide guidelines to create designer compositions of mineral suspensions that utilize thermal triggers to achieve thermal latency and ultrafast stiffening – prerequisite attributes for 3D-manufacturing of topologically-optimized structural components. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:32:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-250b61f89b4c490aaa465ded7564aa76 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T18:32:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj.art-250b61f89b4c490aaa465ded7564aa762022-12-22T01:37:54ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752022-09-01221110905Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensionsSharu Bhagavathi Kandy0Iman Mehdipour1Narayanan Neithalath2Aditya Kumar3Mathieu Bauchy4Edward Garboczi5Samanvaya Srivastava6Torben Gaedt7Gaurav Sant8Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USALaboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USASchool of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 86587, USADepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USAInstitute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Laboratory for the Physics of AmoRphous and Inorganic Solids (PARISlab), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USAApplied Chemicals and Materials Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USAInstitute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; UCLA Center for Biological Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USADepartment of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lehrstuhl für Bauchemie, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, D-85747 Garching bei München, Germany; Corresponding authors.Laboratory for the Chemistry of Construction Materials (LC2), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Institute for Carbon Management (ICM), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; California Nanosystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Corresponding authors.Extrusion-based 3D printing with rapidly hardening polymeric materials is capable of building almost any conceivable structure. However, concrete, one of the most widely used materials for large-scale structural components, is generally based on inorganic binder materials like Portland cement. Unlike polymeric materials, a lack of precise control of the extent and rate of solidification of cement-based suspensions is a major issue that affects the ability to 3D-print geometrically complex structures. Here, we demonstrate a novel method for controllable-rapid solidification of concentrated mineral suspensions that contain a polymer binder system based on epoxy and thiol precursors as well as one or more mineral fillers like quartz and calcite. The thermally triggered epoxy-thiol condensation polymerization induces rapid stiffening of the hybrid suspensions (0.30 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.60), at trigger temperatures ranging between 50 °C and 90 °C achieving average stiffening rates up to 400 Pa/s. The use of nucleophilic initiators such as 1-methylimidazole provides control over the activation temperature and curing rate, thereby helping to achieve an adjustable induction period and excellent thermal latency. By using multiple techniques, we provide guidelines to create designer compositions of mineral suspensions that utilize thermal triggers to achieve thermal latency and ultrafast stiffening – prerequisite attributes for 3D-manufacturing of topologically-optimized structural components.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127522005275Ultrafast stiffening3D printingAdditive manufacturingThermoresponsive suspensionsStimuli-responsive suspensionsEpoxy-thiol polycondensation |
| spellingShingle | Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy Iman Mehdipour Narayanan Neithalath Aditya Kumar Mathieu Bauchy Edward Garboczi Samanvaya Srivastava Torben Gaedt Gaurav Sant Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions Materials & Design Ultrafast stiffening 3D printing Additive manufacturing Thermoresponsive suspensions Stimuli-responsive suspensions Epoxy-thiol polycondensation |
| title | Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions |
| title_full | Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions |
| title_fullStr | Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions |
| title_short | Ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions |
| title_sort | ultrafast stiffening of concentrated thermoresponsive mineral suspensions |
| topic | Ultrafast stiffening 3D printing Additive manufacturing Thermoresponsive suspensions Stimuli-responsive suspensions Epoxy-thiol polycondensation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127522005275 |
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