The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea
Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in calves. Four major pathogens, including Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), and Cryptosporidium spp., are associated with NCD, with Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | Veterinary Vaccine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772535924000015 |
| _version_ | 1827295804880060416 |
|---|---|
| author | Marina Timmermans Willem Hubers Dianne Schroer Koen Gevers Ruud PAM Segers Ron Niessen Mark H van Roosmalen |
| author_facet | Marina Timmermans Willem Hubers Dianne Schroer Koen Gevers Ruud PAM Segers Ron Niessen Mark H van Roosmalen |
| author_sort | Marina Timmermans |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in calves. Four major pathogens, including Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), and Cryptosporidium spp., are associated with NCD, with Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) recognized as a major contributor. Despite various treatment options available, there is no effective vaccine for bovine cryptosporidiosis yet. In this study, recombinantly expressed C. parvum gp40 was evaluated as a candidate vaccine in pregnant animals. The vaccine was administered to pregnant cows during the last trimester of their pregnancy resulting in highly statistically significantly increased anti-gp40 antibody titers. The resulting anti-gp40 antibodies were transmitted to the calves via colostrum. Both suckling (n = 29; test:14, control:15) and non-suckling (n = 16; 8 per group) calves were challenged with live C. parvum oocysts. The calves that received the colostrum from gp40 vaccinated cows showed a highly statistically significant improvement in health (p < 0.0001), reduced incidence (p < 0.0001), and duration of severe diarrhea (p < 0.001) and increased weight gain in suckling calves (p < 0.0001). This study demonstrates that immune bovine colostrum, induced by immunization of late-gestation cows with C. parvum gp40, provided substantial protection to calves against cryptosporidiosis. These findings suggest that the gp40 vaccine has potential for preventing outbreaks of neonatal diarrhea associated with cryptosporidiosis in calves, thereby improving animal welfare and performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:27:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-250bfd5667a74d039cbfadeca206f4dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2772-5359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T14:27:37Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Vaccine |
| spelling | doaj.art-250bfd5667a74d039cbfadeca206f4dd2024-04-03T04:27:37ZengElsevierVeterinary Vaccine2772-53592024-03-0131100054The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrheaMarina Timmermans0Willem Hubers1Dianne Schroer2Koen Gevers3Ruud PAM Segers4Ron Niessen5Mark H van Roosmalen6MSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsMSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsCorresponding author.; MSD Animal Health, Wim de Körverstraat 35 5831, AN Boxmeer, NetherlandsNeonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in calves. Four major pathogens, including Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), bovine rotavirus (BRV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), and Cryptosporidium spp., are associated with NCD, with Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) recognized as a major contributor. Despite various treatment options available, there is no effective vaccine for bovine cryptosporidiosis yet. In this study, recombinantly expressed C. parvum gp40 was evaluated as a candidate vaccine in pregnant animals. The vaccine was administered to pregnant cows during the last trimester of their pregnancy resulting in highly statistically significantly increased anti-gp40 antibody titers. The resulting anti-gp40 antibodies were transmitted to the calves via colostrum. Both suckling (n = 29; test:14, control:15) and non-suckling (n = 16; 8 per group) calves were challenged with live C. parvum oocysts. The calves that received the colostrum from gp40 vaccinated cows showed a highly statistically significant improvement in health (p < 0.0001), reduced incidence (p < 0.0001), and duration of severe diarrhea (p < 0.001) and increased weight gain in suckling calves (p < 0.0001). This study demonstrates that immune bovine colostrum, induced by immunization of late-gestation cows with C. parvum gp40, provided substantial protection to calves against cryptosporidiosis. These findings suggest that the gp40 vaccine has potential for preventing outbreaks of neonatal diarrhea associated with cryptosporidiosis in calves, thereby improving animal welfare and performance.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772535924000015Cryptosporidium parvumCryptosporidiosisRecombinant vaccineGp40 vaccineNeonatal calf diarrhea |
| spellingShingle | Marina Timmermans Willem Hubers Dianne Schroer Koen Gevers Ruud PAM Segers Ron Niessen Mark H van Roosmalen The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea Veterinary Vaccine Cryptosporidium parvum Cryptosporidiosis Recombinant vaccine Gp40 vaccine Neonatal calf diarrhea |
| title | The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea |
| title_full | The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea |
| title_fullStr | The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea |
| title_full_unstemmed | The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea |
| title_short | The first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting New-Born calves from severe diarrhea |
| title_sort | first commercially approved efficacious cryptosporidium vaccine protecting new born calves from severe diarrhea |
| topic | Cryptosporidium parvum Cryptosporidiosis Recombinant vaccine Gp40 vaccine Neonatal calf diarrhea |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772535924000015 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marinatimmermans thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT willemhubers thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT dianneschroer thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT koengevers thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT ruudpamsegers thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT ronniessen thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT markhvanroosmalen thefirstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT marinatimmermans firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT willemhubers firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT dianneschroer firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT koengevers firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT ruudpamsegers firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT ronniessen firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea AT markhvanroosmalen firstcommerciallyapprovedefficaciouscryptosporidiumvaccineprotectingnewborncalvesfromseverediarrhea |