Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background: Dietary fish-oil supplementation might attenuate the associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and subclinical biomarkers. However, the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of fish-oil supplementation again...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Environmental Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00908-1 |
| _version_ | 1811257186123251712 |
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| author | Lu Zhou Yixuan Jiang Zhijing Lin Renjie Chen Yue Niu Haidong Kan |
| author_facet | Lu Zhou Yixuan Jiang Zhijing Lin Renjie Chen Yue Niu Haidong Kan |
| author_sort | Lu Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background: Dietary fish-oil supplementation might attenuate the associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and subclinical biomarkers. However, the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of fish-oil supplementation against the PM2.5-induced health effects. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trial among healthy college students in Shanghai, China, from September 2017 to January 2018. A total of 70 participants from the Fenglin campus of Fudan University were included. We randomly assigned participants to either supplementation of 2.5-gram fish oil (n = 35) or sunflower-seed oil (placebo) (n = 35) per day and conducted four rounds of health measurements in the last two months of the trial. As a post hoc exploratory study, the present untargeted metabolomics analysis used remaining blood samples collected in the previous trial and applied a Metabolome-Wide Association Study framework to compare the effects of PM2.5 on the metabolic profile between the sunflower-seed oil and fish oil groups. Results: A total of 65 participants completed the trial (34 of the fish oil group and 31 of the sunflower-seed oil group). On average, ambient PM2.5 concentration on the day of health measurements was 34.9 µg/m3 in the sunflower-seed oil group and 34.5 µg/m3 in the fish oil group, respectively. A total of 3833 metabolites were significantly associated with PM2.5 in the sunflower-seed oil group and 1757 in the fish oil group. Of these, 1752 metabolites showed significant between-group differences. The identified differential metabolites included arachidonic acid derivatives, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, and omega-9 fatty acids that were related to unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, which plays a role in the inflammatory responses. Conclusion: This trial suggests fish-oil supplementation could mitigate the PM2.5-induced inflammatory responses via modulating fatty acid metabolism, providing biological plausibility for the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against PM2.5 exposure. Trial registration: This study is registered at ClinicalTrails.gov (NCT03255187). |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:53:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-252c260d4e384e68b991c2d265dead57 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-069X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T17:53:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-252c260d4e384e68b991c2d265dead572022-12-22T03:22:26ZengBMCEnvironmental Health1476-069X2022-10-0121111010.1186/s12940-022-00908-1Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trialLu Zhou0Yixuan Jiang1Zhijing Lin2Renjie Chen3Yue Niu4Haidong Kan5School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan UniversitySchool of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan UniversityAbstract Background: Dietary fish-oil supplementation might attenuate the associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and subclinical biomarkers. However, the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of fish-oil supplementation against the PM2.5-induced health effects. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trial among healthy college students in Shanghai, China, from September 2017 to January 2018. A total of 70 participants from the Fenglin campus of Fudan University were included. We randomly assigned participants to either supplementation of 2.5-gram fish oil (n = 35) or sunflower-seed oil (placebo) (n = 35) per day and conducted four rounds of health measurements in the last two months of the trial. As a post hoc exploratory study, the present untargeted metabolomics analysis used remaining blood samples collected in the previous trial and applied a Metabolome-Wide Association Study framework to compare the effects of PM2.5 on the metabolic profile between the sunflower-seed oil and fish oil groups. Results: A total of 65 participants completed the trial (34 of the fish oil group and 31 of the sunflower-seed oil group). On average, ambient PM2.5 concentration on the day of health measurements was 34.9 µg/m3 in the sunflower-seed oil group and 34.5 µg/m3 in the fish oil group, respectively. A total of 3833 metabolites were significantly associated with PM2.5 in the sunflower-seed oil group and 1757 in the fish oil group. Of these, 1752 metabolites showed significant between-group differences. The identified differential metabolites included arachidonic acid derivatives, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, and omega-9 fatty acids that were related to unsaturated fatty acid metabolism, which plays a role in the inflammatory responses. Conclusion: This trial suggests fish-oil supplementation could mitigate the PM2.5-induced inflammatory responses via modulating fatty acid metabolism, providing biological plausibility for the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against PM2.5 exposure. Trial registration: This study is registered at ClinicalTrails.gov (NCT03255187).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00908-1Fine particulate matterFish oilRandomized controlled trialMetabolomics |
| spellingShingle | Lu Zhou Yixuan Jiang Zhijing Lin Renjie Chen Yue Niu Haidong Kan Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial Environmental Health Fine particulate matter Fish oil Randomized controlled trial Metabolomics |
| title | Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish-oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution: a randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | mechanistic insights into the health benefits of fish oil supplementation against fine particulate matter air pollution a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | Fine particulate matter Fish oil Randomized controlled trial Metabolomics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-022-00908-1 |
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