Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake
On 14th August 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the Tiburon Peninsula in the Caribbean nation of Haiti, approximately 150 km west of the capital Port-au-Prince. Aftershocks up to moment magnitude 5.7 followed and over 1,000 landslides were triggered. These events led to over 2,000 fatalities,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Built Environment |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2022.873212/full |
| _version_ | 1818149928539521024 |
|---|---|
| author | Michael R. Z. Whitworth Giorgia Giardina Camilla Penney Luigi Di Sarno Keith Adams Tracy Kijewski-Correa Jacob Black Fatemeh Foroughnia Valentina Macchiarulo Pietro Milillo Pietro Milillo Mobin Ojaghi Alessandra Orfeo Francesco Pugliese Kökcan Dönmez Yasemin D. Aktas Josh Macabuag |
| author_facet | Michael R. Z. Whitworth Giorgia Giardina Camilla Penney Luigi Di Sarno Keith Adams Tracy Kijewski-Correa Jacob Black Fatemeh Foroughnia Valentina Macchiarulo Pietro Milillo Pietro Milillo Mobin Ojaghi Alessandra Orfeo Francesco Pugliese Kökcan Dönmez Yasemin D. Aktas Josh Macabuag |
| author_sort | Michael R. Z. Whitworth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | On 14th August 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the Tiburon Peninsula in the Caribbean nation of Haiti, approximately 150 km west of the capital Port-au-Prince. Aftershocks up to moment magnitude 5.7 followed and over 1,000 landslides were triggered. These events led to over 2,000 fatalities, 15,000 injuries and more than 137,000 structural failures. The economic impact is of the order of US$1.6 billion. The on-going Covid pandemic and a complex political and security situation in Haiti meant that deploying earthquake engineers from the UK to assess structural damage and identify lessons for future building construction was impractical. Instead, the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (EEFIT) carried out a hybrid mission, modelled on the previous EEFIT Aegean Mission of 2020. The objectives were: to use open-source information, particularly remote sensing data such as InSAR and Optical/Multispectral imagery, to characterise the earthquake and associated hazards; to understand the observed strong ground motions and compare these to existing seismic codes; to undertake remote structural damage assessments, and to evaluate the applicability of the techniques used for future post-disaster assessments. Remote structural damage assessments were conducted in collaboration with the Structural Extreme Events Reconnaissance (StEER) team, who mobilised a group of local non-experts to rapidly record building damage. The EEFIT team undertook damage assessment for over 2,000 buildings comprising schools, hospitals, churches and housing to investigate the impact of the earthquake on building typologies in Haiti. This paper summarises the mission setup and findings, and discusses the benefits, and difficulties, encountered during this hybrid reconnaissance mission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:14:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-252f7e598ac0487ea4517b8f0ccf5081 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-3362 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T13:14:50Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Built Environment |
| spelling | doaj.art-252f7e598ac0487ea4517b8f0ccf50812022-12-22T01:06:05ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Built Environment2297-33622022-04-01810.3389/fbuil.2022.873212873212Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti EarthquakeMichael R. Z. Whitworth0Giorgia Giardina1Camilla Penney2Luigi Di Sarno3Keith Adams4Tracy Kijewski-Correa5Jacob Black6Fatemeh Foroughnia7Valentina Macchiarulo8Pietro Milillo9Pietro Milillo10Mobin Ojaghi11Alessandra Orfeo12Francesco Pugliese13Kökcan Dönmez14Yasemin D. Aktas15Josh Macabuag16AECOM, London, United KingdomDepartment of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, NetherlandsCOMET, Bullard Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United KingdomSchool of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United KingdomDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United StatesAKT II, London, United KingdomDepartment of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, NetherlandsDepartment of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, NetherlandsDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesMicrowaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany0Independent Professional, London, United Kingdom1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United KingdomSchool of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom2Department of Earthquake Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey3Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom4World Bank / Independent, London, United KingdomOn 14th August 2021, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck the Tiburon Peninsula in the Caribbean nation of Haiti, approximately 150 km west of the capital Port-au-Prince. Aftershocks up to moment magnitude 5.7 followed and over 1,000 landslides were triggered. These events led to over 2,000 fatalities, 15,000 injuries and more than 137,000 structural failures. The economic impact is of the order of US$1.6 billion. The on-going Covid pandemic and a complex political and security situation in Haiti meant that deploying earthquake engineers from the UK to assess structural damage and identify lessons for future building construction was impractical. Instead, the Earthquake Engineering Field Investigation Team (EEFIT) carried out a hybrid mission, modelled on the previous EEFIT Aegean Mission of 2020. The objectives were: to use open-source information, particularly remote sensing data such as InSAR and Optical/Multispectral imagery, to characterise the earthquake and associated hazards; to understand the observed strong ground motions and compare these to existing seismic codes; to undertake remote structural damage assessments, and to evaluate the applicability of the techniques used for future post-disaster assessments. Remote structural damage assessments were conducted in collaboration with the Structural Extreme Events Reconnaissance (StEER) team, who mobilised a group of local non-experts to rapidly record building damage. The EEFIT team undertook damage assessment for over 2,000 buildings comprising schools, hospitals, churches and housing to investigate the impact of the earthquake on building typologies in Haiti. This paper summarises the mission setup and findings, and discusses the benefits, and difficulties, encountered during this hybrid reconnaissance mission.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2022.873212/fullremote reconnaissanceearthquakebuilding damageremote sensinglandslidesdata collection |
| spellingShingle | Michael R. Z. Whitworth Giorgia Giardina Camilla Penney Luigi Di Sarno Keith Adams Tracy Kijewski-Correa Jacob Black Fatemeh Foroughnia Valentina Macchiarulo Pietro Milillo Pietro Milillo Mobin Ojaghi Alessandra Orfeo Francesco Pugliese Kökcan Dönmez Yasemin D. Aktas Josh Macabuag Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake Frontiers in Built Environment remote reconnaissance earthquake building damage remote sensing landslides data collection |
| title | Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake |
| title_full | Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake |
| title_fullStr | Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake |
| title_short | Lessons for Remote Post-earthquake Reconnaissance from the 14 August 2021 Haiti Earthquake |
| title_sort | lessons for remote post earthquake reconnaissance from the 14 august 2021 haiti earthquake |
| topic | remote reconnaissance earthquake building damage remote sensing landslides data collection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2022.873212/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT michaelrzwhitworth lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT giorgiagiardina lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT camillapenney lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT luigidisarno lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT keithadams lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT tracykijewskicorrea lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT jacobblack lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT fatemehforoughnia lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT valentinamacchiarulo lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT pietromilillo lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT pietromilillo lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT mobinojaghi lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT alessandraorfeo lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT francescopugliese lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT kokcandonmez lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT yasemindaktas lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake AT joshmacabuag lessonsforremotepostearthquakereconnaissancefromthe14august2021haitiearthquake |