Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard
Current toxicology research on nanoplastics (NPs) generally uses commercial spherical NPs. However, the physicochemical characteristics of commercial NPs are significantly different from those of NPs formed under natural conditions, possibly affecting the validity of the results. In analytical chemi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/21/7254 |
| _version_ | 1797631547254243328 |
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| author | Zhongtang Wang Ying Wang Xin Lu Hongyan Zhang Zhenzhen Jia |
| author_facet | Zhongtang Wang Ying Wang Xin Lu Hongyan Zhang Zhenzhen Jia |
| author_sort | Zhongtang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current toxicology research on nanoplastics (NPs) generally uses commercial spherical NPs. However, the physicochemical characteristics of commercial NPs are significantly different from those of NPs formed under natural conditions, possibly affecting the validity of the results. In analytical chemistry, a reference sample is selected such that its physicochemical properties are as similar as possible to the target. Therefore, a simulated “natural” NP synthesized in the laboratory that closely resembles naturally derived NPs would be used as an authentic standard. Here, we established the assay of scanning electron microscope (SEM)-particle size distribution analyzer (PSDA)-surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to detect NPs and prepared simulated “natural” NPs from polypropylene food packaging material using a method that mimics natural conditions. Nanofiltration was used to isolate three sets of simulated NPs with particle sizes ranging from 50–100 nm, 100–200 nm, and 200–400 nm. These simulated “natural” NPs were more similar to naturally occurring counterparts when compared with commercial NPs. These new standard NPs, which should be scalable for large-scale use, will improve the accuracy, reliability, and translatability of toxicological studies of NPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:25:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-253e3c0a432b4d5e9af045b0b2b7f54b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:25:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-253e3c0a432b4d5e9af045b0b2b7f54b2023-11-10T15:08:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-10-012821725410.3390/molecules28217254Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental StandardZhongtang Wang0Ying Wang1Xin Lu2Hongyan Zhang3Zhenzhen Jia4Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, ChinaCurrent toxicology research on nanoplastics (NPs) generally uses commercial spherical NPs. However, the physicochemical characteristics of commercial NPs are significantly different from those of NPs formed under natural conditions, possibly affecting the validity of the results. In analytical chemistry, a reference sample is selected such that its physicochemical properties are as similar as possible to the target. Therefore, a simulated “natural” NP synthesized in the laboratory that closely resembles naturally derived NPs would be used as an authentic standard. Here, we established the assay of scanning electron microscope (SEM)-particle size distribution analyzer (PSDA)-surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to detect NPs and prepared simulated “natural” NPs from polypropylene food packaging material using a method that mimics natural conditions. Nanofiltration was used to isolate three sets of simulated NPs with particle sizes ranging from 50–100 nm, 100–200 nm, and 200–400 nm. These simulated “natural” NPs were more similar to naturally occurring counterparts when compared with commercial NPs. These new standard NPs, which should be scalable for large-scale use, will improve the accuracy, reliability, and translatability of toxicological studies of NPs.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/21/7254nanoplasticstandard substancefractional filtrationnatural condition simulation |
| spellingShingle | Zhongtang Wang Ying Wang Xin Lu Hongyan Zhang Zhenzhen Jia Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard Molecules nanoplastic standard substance fractional filtration natural condition simulation |
| title | Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard |
| title_full | Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard |
| title_fullStr | Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard |
| title_short | Generation of Simulated “Natural” Nanoplastics from Polypropylene Food Packaging as the Experimental Standard |
| title_sort | generation of simulated natural nanoplastics from polypropylene food packaging as the experimental standard |
| topic | nanoplastic standard substance fractional filtration natural condition simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/21/7254 |
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