| Summary: | The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of nickel (Ni<sup>2+</sup>)-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using the sol–gel approach. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and elemental analysis were used to characterize the Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped HApNPs. X-ray diffraction investigation showed that the nanoscale structure of Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped HApNPs was hexagonal, with an average crystallite size of 39.91 nm. Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped HApNPs were found to be almost spherical in form and 40–50 nm in size, as determined by FESEM analysis. According to EDAX, the atomic percentages of Ca, O, P, and Ni were 20.93, 65.21, 13.32, and 0.55, respectively. Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped HApNPs exhibited substantial antibacterial properties when tested in vitro against several pathogens, including <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Shigella flexneri</i>, <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Antibacterial activity, at 50 mg tested concentration, demonstrated superior effects on G<sup>-ve</sup> bacteria than G<sup>+ve</sup> pathogens. The antifungal activity of <i>Oidium caricae</i>, <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>, and <i>A. niger</i> revealed a zone of inhibition of 23, 11, and 5 mm, respectively. These actions rely on the organism’s cell wall structure, size, and shape. Incorporating Ni<sup>2+</sup> into HApNPs allows them to function as powerful antioxidants. Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped HApNPs had a good cytotoxic impact against the HeLa cell line, which improved with increasing concentration and was detected at a 68.81 µg/mL dosage. According to the findings of this study, the Ni<sup>2+</sup>-doped HApNPs are extremely promising biologically active candidates owing to their improved functional features.
|
|---|