| Summary: | Yifei Tan,1 Shiyou Wei,2 Wei Zhang,1 Jian Yang,1 Jiayin Yang,1 Lunan Yan1 1Liver Transplantation Center, Department of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; 2Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been proved to be a risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma, but how diabetes affects incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection remains controversial.Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline and Embase was performed. Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B patients was the primary outcome. Pooled HRs and 95% CIs were calculated to assess the correlation between diabetes and incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma.Results: Five cohort studies and two case–control studies were identified, with a total of 21,842 chronic hepatitis B patients. The diabetes mellitus cohort was found to have increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (pooled HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.28–2.47; fixed effect) and worse overall mortality (pooled RR 1.93, 95% CI 1.64–2.27; fixed effect) in comparison with those without diabetes. In case–control studies, hepatocellular carcinoma cases were found to have an insignificantly elevated diabetes mellitus rate in comparison with the control group.Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is significantly associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, and aggressive management of diabetes mellitus is strongly suggested. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, hepatocellular carcinoma risk, HBV-infected
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