Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
Integration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accel...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-05-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00667/full |
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author | Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Javier Sosa Dailos Ramos-Valido Francisco Javier Bravo Cristina Carmona-Duarte Henrique Leonel Gomes Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner Enric Cabruja Aurelio Vega Miguel Ángel Ferrer Manuel Lozano Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson Juan Manuel Afonso Jaume Pérez-Sánchez |
author_facet | Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Javier Sosa Dailos Ramos-Valido Francisco Javier Bravo Cristina Carmona-Duarte Henrique Leonel Gomes Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner Enric Cabruja Aurelio Vega Miguel Ángel Ferrer Manuel Lozano Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson Juan Manuel Afonso Jaume Pérez-Sánchez |
author_sort | Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Integration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accelerometer for non-invasive monitoring of farmed fish with re-programmable schedule protocols. The current device (AE-FishBIT v.1s) is a small (14 mm × 7 mm × 7 mm), stand-alone system with a total mass of 600 mg, which allows monitoring animals from 30 to 35 g onwards. The device was attached to the operculum of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles for monitoring their physical activity by measurements of movement accelerations in x- and y-axes, while records of operculum beats (z-axis) served as a measurement of respiratory frequency. Data post-processing of exercised fish in swimming test chambers revealed an exponential increase of fish accelerations with the increase of fish speed from 1 body-length to 4 body-lengths per second, while a close relationship between oxygen consumption (MO2) and opercular frequency was consistently found. Preliminary tests in free-swimming fish kept in rearing tanks also showed that device data recording was able to detect changes in daily fish activity. The usefulness of low computational load for data pre-processing with on-board algorithms was verified from low to submaximal exercise, increasing this procedure the autonomy of the system up to 6 h of data recording with different programmable schedules. Visual observations regarding tissue damage, feeding behavior and circulating levels of stress markers (cortisol, glucose, and lactate) did not reveal at short term a negative impact of device tagging. Reduced plasma levels of triglycerides revealed a transient inhibition of feed intake in small fish (sea bream 50–90 g, sea bass 100–200 g), but this disturbance was not detected in larger fish. All this considered together is the proof of concept that miniaturized devices are suitable for non-invasive and reliable metabolic phenotyping of farmed fish to improve their overall performance and welfare. Further work is underway for improving the attachment procedure and the full device packaging. |
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spelling | doaj.art-257e1c67950341d38a1cda4b7a76e4f42022-12-21T23:54:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2019-05-011010.3389/fphys.2019.00667443955Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed FishJuan Antonio Martos-Sitcha0Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha1Javier Sosa2Dailos Ramos-Valido3Francisco Javier Bravo4Cristina Carmona-Duarte5Henrique Leonel Gomes6Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner7Enric Cabruja8Aurelio Vega9Miguel Ángel Ferrer10Manuel Lozano11Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson12Juan Manuel Afonso13Jaume Pérez-Sánchez14Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, SpainDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, SpainTechnological Centre for Innovation in Communications (iDeTIC), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainCentre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, PortugalNutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainTechnological Centre for Innovation in Communications (iDeTIC), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainAquaculture Research Group, Institute of Sustainable Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems (IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainNutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, SpainIntegration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accelerometer for non-invasive monitoring of farmed fish with re-programmable schedule protocols. The current device (AE-FishBIT v.1s) is a small (14 mm × 7 mm × 7 mm), stand-alone system with a total mass of 600 mg, which allows monitoring animals from 30 to 35 g onwards. The device was attached to the operculum of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles for monitoring their physical activity by measurements of movement accelerations in x- and y-axes, while records of operculum beats (z-axis) served as a measurement of respiratory frequency. Data post-processing of exercised fish in swimming test chambers revealed an exponential increase of fish accelerations with the increase of fish speed from 1 body-length to 4 body-lengths per second, while a close relationship between oxygen consumption (MO2) and opercular frequency was consistently found. Preliminary tests in free-swimming fish kept in rearing tanks also showed that device data recording was able to detect changes in daily fish activity. The usefulness of low computational load for data pre-processing with on-board algorithms was verified from low to submaximal exercise, increasing this procedure the autonomy of the system up to 6 h of data recording with different programmable schedules. Visual observations regarding tissue damage, feeding behavior and circulating levels of stress markers (cortisol, glucose, and lactate) did not reveal at short term a negative impact of device tagging. Reduced plasma levels of triglycerides revealed a transient inhibition of feed intake in small fish (sea bream 50–90 g, sea bass 100–200 g), but this disturbance was not detected in larger fish. All this considered together is the proof of concept that miniaturized devices are suitable for non-invasive and reliable metabolic phenotyping of farmed fish to improve their overall performance and welfare. Further work is underway for improving the attachment procedure and the full device packaging.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00667/fullaquaculturesensorswimming testsfish welfarephysical activityrespiratory frequency |
spellingShingle | Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha Javier Sosa Dailos Ramos-Valido Francisco Javier Bravo Cristina Carmona-Duarte Henrique Leonel Gomes Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner Enric Cabruja Aurelio Vega Miguel Ángel Ferrer Manuel Lozano Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson Juan Manuel Afonso Jaume Pérez-Sánchez Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish Frontiers in Physiology aquaculture sensor swimming tests fish welfare physical activity respiratory frequency |
title | Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish |
title_full | Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish |
title_fullStr | Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish |
title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish |
title_short | Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish |
title_sort | ultra low power sensor devices for monitoring physical activity and respiratory frequency in farmed fish |
topic | aquaculture sensor swimming tests fish welfare physical activity respiratory frequency |
url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00667/full |
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