Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish

Integration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accel...

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Main Authors: Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha, Javier Sosa, Dailos Ramos-Valido, Francisco Javier Bravo, Cristina Carmona-Duarte, Henrique Leonel Gomes, Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner, Enric Cabruja, Aurelio Vega, Miguel Ángel Ferrer, Manuel Lozano, Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson, Juan Manuel Afonso, Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Physiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00667/full
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author Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
Javier Sosa
Dailos Ramos-Valido
Francisco Javier Bravo
Cristina Carmona-Duarte
Henrique Leonel Gomes
Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner
Enric Cabruja
Aurelio Vega
Miguel Ángel Ferrer
Manuel Lozano
Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson
Juan Manuel Afonso
Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
author_facet Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
Javier Sosa
Dailos Ramos-Valido
Francisco Javier Bravo
Cristina Carmona-Duarte
Henrique Leonel Gomes
Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner
Enric Cabruja
Aurelio Vega
Miguel Ángel Ferrer
Manuel Lozano
Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson
Juan Manuel Afonso
Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
author_sort Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
collection DOAJ
description Integration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accelerometer for non-invasive monitoring of farmed fish with re-programmable schedule protocols. The current device (AE-FishBIT v.1s) is a small (14 mm × 7 mm × 7 mm), stand-alone system with a total mass of 600 mg, which allows monitoring animals from 30 to 35 g onwards. The device was attached to the operculum of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles for monitoring their physical activity by measurements of movement accelerations in x- and y-axes, while records of operculum beats (z-axis) served as a measurement of respiratory frequency. Data post-processing of exercised fish in swimming test chambers revealed an exponential increase of fish accelerations with the increase of fish speed from 1 body-length to 4 body-lengths per second, while a close relationship between oxygen consumption (MO2) and opercular frequency was consistently found. Preliminary tests in free-swimming fish kept in rearing tanks also showed that device data recording was able to detect changes in daily fish activity. The usefulness of low computational load for data pre-processing with on-board algorithms was verified from low to submaximal exercise, increasing this procedure the autonomy of the system up to 6 h of data recording with different programmable schedules. Visual observations regarding tissue damage, feeding behavior and circulating levels of stress markers (cortisol, glucose, and lactate) did not reveal at short term a negative impact of device tagging. Reduced plasma levels of triglycerides revealed a transient inhibition of feed intake in small fish (sea bream 50–90 g, sea bass 100–200 g), but this disturbance was not detected in larger fish. All this considered together is the proof of concept that miniaturized devices are suitable for non-invasive and reliable metabolic phenotyping of farmed fish to improve their overall performance and welfare. Further work is underway for improving the attachment procedure and the full device packaging.
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spelling doaj.art-257e1c67950341d38a1cda4b7a76e4f42022-12-21T23:54:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2019-05-011010.3389/fphys.2019.00667443955Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed FishJuan Antonio Martos-Sitcha0Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha1Javier Sosa2Dailos Ramos-Valido3Francisco Javier Bravo4Cristina Carmona-Duarte5Henrique Leonel Gomes6Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner7Enric Cabruja8Aurelio Vega9Miguel Ángel Ferrer10Manuel Lozano11Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson12Juan Manuel Afonso13Jaume Pérez-Sánchez14Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, SpainDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Marina (INMAR), Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), University of Cádiz, Cádiz, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, SpainTechnological Centre for Innovation in Communications (iDeTIC), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainCentre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, PortugalNutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainTechnological Centre for Innovation in Communications (iDeTIC), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, SpainInstitute for Applied Microelectronics (IUMA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainAquaculture Research Group, Institute of Sustainable Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems (IU-ECOAQUA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, SpainNutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Castellón, SpainIntegration of technological solutions aims to improve accuracy, precision and repeatability in farming operations, and biosensor devices are increasingly used for understanding basic biology during livestock production. The aim of this study was to design and validate a miniaturized tri-axial accelerometer for non-invasive monitoring of farmed fish with re-programmable schedule protocols. The current device (AE-FishBIT v.1s) is a small (14 mm × 7 mm × 7 mm), stand-alone system with a total mass of 600 mg, which allows monitoring animals from 30 to 35 g onwards. The device was attached to the operculum of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles for monitoring their physical activity by measurements of movement accelerations in x- and y-axes, while records of operculum beats (z-axis) served as a measurement of respiratory frequency. Data post-processing of exercised fish in swimming test chambers revealed an exponential increase of fish accelerations with the increase of fish speed from 1 body-length to 4 body-lengths per second, while a close relationship between oxygen consumption (MO2) and opercular frequency was consistently found. Preliminary tests in free-swimming fish kept in rearing tanks also showed that device data recording was able to detect changes in daily fish activity. The usefulness of low computational load for data pre-processing with on-board algorithms was verified from low to submaximal exercise, increasing this procedure the autonomy of the system up to 6 h of data recording with different programmable schedules. Visual observations regarding tissue damage, feeding behavior and circulating levels of stress markers (cortisol, glucose, and lactate) did not reveal at short term a negative impact of device tagging. Reduced plasma levels of triglycerides revealed a transient inhibition of feed intake in small fish (sea bream 50–90 g, sea bass 100–200 g), but this disturbance was not detected in larger fish. All this considered together is the proof of concept that miniaturized devices are suitable for non-invasive and reliable metabolic phenotyping of farmed fish to improve their overall performance and welfare. Further work is underway for improving the attachment procedure and the full device packaging.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00667/fullaquaculturesensorswimming testsfish welfarephysical activityrespiratory frequency
spellingShingle Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
Javier Sosa
Dailos Ramos-Valido
Francisco Javier Bravo
Cristina Carmona-Duarte
Henrique Leonel Gomes
Josep Àlvar Calduch-Giner
Enric Cabruja
Aurelio Vega
Miguel Ángel Ferrer
Manuel Lozano
Juan Antonio Montiel-Nelson
Juan Manuel Afonso
Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
Frontiers in Physiology
aquaculture
sensor
swimming tests
fish welfare
physical activity
respiratory frequency
title Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
title_full Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
title_fullStr Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
title_full_unstemmed Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
title_short Ultra-Low Power Sensor Devices for Monitoring Physical Activity and Respiratory Frequency in Farmed Fish
title_sort ultra low power sensor devices for monitoring physical activity and respiratory frequency in farmed fish
topic aquaculture
sensor
swimming tests
fish welfare
physical activity
respiratory frequency
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00667/full
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