The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>)
Freshwater mussels, Unionoida, are endangered across the globe due to recruitment failure. In the present study, with general linear mixed models, we investigated the relative effects of biotic (host fish density) and abiotic (water depth, fine sediment, water temperature, and water quality) factors...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/9/1289 |
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| author | Keita Kawajiri Nobuo Ishiyama Kazuki Miura Akira Terui Masanao Sueyoshi Futoshi Nakamura |
| author_facet | Keita Kawajiri Nobuo Ishiyama Kazuki Miura Akira Terui Masanao Sueyoshi Futoshi Nakamura |
| author_sort | Keita Kawajiri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Freshwater mussels, Unionoida, are endangered across the globe due to recruitment failure. In the present study, with general linear mixed models, we investigated the relative effects of biotic (host fish density) and abiotic (water depth, fine sediment, water temperature, and water quality) factors on the recruitment of <i>Margaritifera laevis</i> in 10 streams of Hokkaido, northern Japan. We additionally examined the factors regulating the density of the host fish <i>Oncorhynchus masou</i> <i>masou</i> with general linear models. The proportion of juvenile mussels had a unimodal relationship with the host density, which was the most influential factor among the others examined. The positive relationship between mussel recruitment and host density can be attributed to an increased host fish infection rate. The negative correlation between mussel recruitment and host density at high fish densities may be due to reduced larval growth on host fish that are in poor physical condition. We also found that host fish density was negatively affected by nutrient enrichment. Our results suggest that mitigating water quality degradation to recover host fish density should be prioritized to improve mussel recruitment. Although stock enhancement is effective for increasing the salmon population density, excess stocking can further disturb mussel recruitment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:43:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-257e74cad5564a86bdac7eb545b8cfaa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:43:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-257e74cad5564a86bdac7eb545b8cfaa2023-11-21T18:17:42ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-05-01139128910.3390/w13091289The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>)Keita Kawajiri0Nobuo Ishiyama1Kazuki Miura2Akira Terui3Masanao Sueyoshi4Futoshi Nakamura5Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9W9 Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, JapanGraduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9W9 Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, JapanShiretoko Museum, Honmachi 49, Shari, Shari-gun, Hokkaido 099-4113, JapanGraduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9W9 Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, JapanAqua Restoration Research Center, Public Works Research Institute, Kawashima Kasada-machi, Kakamigahara, Gifu 501-6021, JapanGraduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9W9 Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, JapanFreshwater mussels, Unionoida, are endangered across the globe due to recruitment failure. In the present study, with general linear mixed models, we investigated the relative effects of biotic (host fish density) and abiotic (water depth, fine sediment, water temperature, and water quality) factors on the recruitment of <i>Margaritifera laevis</i> in 10 streams of Hokkaido, northern Japan. We additionally examined the factors regulating the density of the host fish <i>Oncorhynchus masou</i> <i>masou</i> with general linear models. The proportion of juvenile mussels had a unimodal relationship with the host density, which was the most influential factor among the others examined. The positive relationship between mussel recruitment and host density can be attributed to an increased host fish infection rate. The negative correlation between mussel recruitment and host density at high fish densities may be due to reduced larval growth on host fish that are in poor physical condition. We also found that host fish density was negatively affected by nutrient enrichment. Our results suggest that mitigating water quality degradation to recover host fish density should be prioritized to improve mussel recruitment. Although stock enhancement is effective for increasing the salmon population density, excess stocking can further disturb mussel recruitment.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/9/1289conservation measurehost fish densitypopulation declineagricultural land useUnionoida<i>Oncorhynchus masou masou</i> |
| spellingShingle | Keita Kawajiri Nobuo Ishiyama Kazuki Miura Akira Terui Masanao Sueyoshi Futoshi Nakamura The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>) Water conservation measure host fish density population decline agricultural land use Unionoida <i>Oncorhynchus masou masou</i> |
| title | The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>) |
| title_full | The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>) |
| title_fullStr | The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>) |
| title_short | The Relative Effects of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Recruitment of Freshwater Mussels (<i>Margaritifera laevis</i>) |
| title_sort | relative effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the recruitment of freshwater mussels i margaritifera laevis i |
| topic | conservation measure host fish density population decline agricultural land use Unionoida <i>Oncorhynchus masou masou</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/9/1289 |
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