Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence
The solar wind turbulence is now widely believed as describable by a critical balance cascade based on -2 scaling index measured in the direction parallel to the local magnetic field reported by many papers. However, previous studies have shown that both wavelet analyses and structure function analy...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | zho |
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Editorial Office of Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics
2022-07-01
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| Series: | 地球与行星物理论评 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.sjdz.org.cn/en/article/doi/10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-002 |
| _version_ | 1797858668101763072 |
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| author | Honghong Wu Chuanyi Tu Xin Wang Jiansen He Liping Yang |
| author_facet | Honghong Wu Chuanyi Tu Xin Wang Jiansen He Liping Yang |
| author_sort | Honghong Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The solar wind turbulence is now widely believed as describable by a critical balance cascade based on -2 scaling index measured in the direction parallel to the local magnetic field reported by many papers. However, previous studies have shown that both wavelet analyses and structure function analyses may be influenced by the intermittency and structures in the solar wind. One way to reliably obtain the true spectral index is to remove the intermittency and structures and another way is to put strict criteria on the parallel selection. Previous results show that the parallel scaling index is around −5/3 after removing intermittency or under strict criteria for low-amplitude fluctuations. Here we present results of the scaling with precise local magnetic field directions. We first select the parallel observations with a small (<10o) θVB (the angle between the average of two-time-instant magnetic field (Bl) and the average of the same two-time-instant velocity). We define precise parallel direction as the parallel observations with a small (<10o) ϕ (the angle between Bl and another local magnetic field B0 determined as the average of the time series observed between the corresponding two time instants.) The precise perpendicular direction is defined in a similar way. The condition whether or not Bl and B0 are parallel could help to determine the precise magnetic direction. The lower ϕ, the more precise the direction is. We find that the scaling index of the magnetic-trace structure function is strongly affected by the value of ϕ. As ϕ decreases, in other words, the preciseness of direction increases, the anisotropy gradually weakens and eventually almost disappears. This could be due to the fact that there are more structures at the larger scale and constraining ϕ to a low value leads to more power removed at the larger scale. This effect causes the change of the scaling index: the steep parallel index becomes flatter, especially in the parallel direction. We find that the scaling index of the magnetic (velocity)-trace structure functions are −0.67±0.11 (−0.55±0.18) and −0.55±0.10 (−0.46±0.09) respectively in the precise parallel and perpendicular directions. These new results are not consistent with the −2 scaling index and may not favor the application of the critical balance framework in the solar wind fluctuations. The fluctuation amplitudes of the magnetic field and the velocity are both moderate, which expands the determination of isotropy from the low-amplitude condition in previous work to the moderate-amplitude condition. Our results help to distinguish the true feature of the scaling index anisotropy in the solar wind and will initiate new theoretical study on solar wind turbulence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:17:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2589d8204d8248f892db9a12e7c9dcd7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2097-1893 |
| language | zho |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:17:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Editorial Office of Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics |
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| series | 地球与行星物理论评 |
| spelling | doaj.art-2589d8204d8248f892db9a12e7c9dcd72023-03-28T07:02:39ZzhoEditorial Office of Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics地球与行星物理论评2097-18932022-07-0153447848710.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-0022022-002Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulenceHonghong Wu0Chuanyi Tu1Xin Wang2Jiansen He3Liping Yang4School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaSchool of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaSchool of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, ChinaSchool of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaNational Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaThe solar wind turbulence is now widely believed as describable by a critical balance cascade based on -2 scaling index measured in the direction parallel to the local magnetic field reported by many papers. However, previous studies have shown that both wavelet analyses and structure function analyses may be influenced by the intermittency and structures in the solar wind. One way to reliably obtain the true spectral index is to remove the intermittency and structures and another way is to put strict criteria on the parallel selection. Previous results show that the parallel scaling index is around −5/3 after removing intermittency or under strict criteria for low-amplitude fluctuations. Here we present results of the scaling with precise local magnetic field directions. We first select the parallel observations with a small (<10o) θVB (the angle between the average of two-time-instant magnetic field (Bl) and the average of the same two-time-instant velocity). We define precise parallel direction as the parallel observations with a small (<10o) ϕ (the angle between Bl and another local magnetic field B0 determined as the average of the time series observed between the corresponding two time instants.) The precise perpendicular direction is defined in a similar way. The condition whether or not Bl and B0 are parallel could help to determine the precise magnetic direction. The lower ϕ, the more precise the direction is. We find that the scaling index of the magnetic-trace structure function is strongly affected by the value of ϕ. As ϕ decreases, in other words, the preciseness of direction increases, the anisotropy gradually weakens and eventually almost disappears. This could be due to the fact that there are more structures at the larger scale and constraining ϕ to a low value leads to more power removed at the larger scale. This effect causes the change of the scaling index: the steep parallel index becomes flatter, especially in the parallel direction. We find that the scaling index of the magnetic (velocity)-trace structure functions are −0.67±0.11 (−0.55±0.18) and −0.55±0.10 (−0.46±0.09) respectively in the precise parallel and perpendicular directions. These new results are not consistent with the −2 scaling index and may not favor the application of the critical balance framework in the solar wind fluctuations. The fluctuation amplitudes of the magnetic field and the velocity are both moderate, which expands the determination of isotropy from the low-amplitude condition in previous work to the moderate-amplitude condition. Our results help to distinguish the true feature of the scaling index anisotropy in the solar wind and will initiate new theoretical study on solar wind turbulence.https://www.sjdz.org.cn/en/article/doi/10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-002solar wind turbulencestructure functionscaling index |
| spellingShingle | Honghong Wu Chuanyi Tu Xin Wang Jiansen He Liping Yang Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence 地球与行星物理论评 solar wind turbulence structure function scaling index |
| title | Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence |
| title_full | Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence |
| title_fullStr | Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence |
| title_short | Scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence |
| title_sort | scaling features measured locally in the precise parallel and precise perpendicular directions in the solar wind turbulence |
| topic | solar wind turbulence structure function scaling index |
| url | https://www.sjdz.org.cn/en/article/doi/10.19975/j.dqyxx.2022-002 |
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