Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
Because the associations between different dietary protein sources and the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are inconsistent, and those of eating habits with GDM have rarely been explored, we aimed to investigate the independent and joint association of major dietary protein sources and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4332 |
| _version_ | 1797572701553950720 |
|---|---|
| author | Kexin Gong Lanci Xie Yidan Cao Xiayan Yu Wenjing Qiang Tuyan Fan Tianli Zhu Jingjing Liu Fangbiao Tao Beibei Zhu |
| author_facet | Kexin Gong Lanci Xie Yidan Cao Xiayan Yu Wenjing Qiang Tuyan Fan Tianli Zhu Jingjing Liu Fangbiao Tao Beibei Zhu |
| author_sort | Kexin Gong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Because the associations between different dietary protein sources and the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are inconsistent, and those of eating habits with GDM have rarely been explored, we aimed to investigate the independent and joint association of major dietary protein sources and eating habits with GDM in a case-control study including 353 GDM cases and 718 controls in China. Dietary protein intake and eating habits prior to GDM diagnosis were collected through questionnaires at 24~28 gestational weeks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent and joint associations of dietary protein intake and eating habits with GDM. The Anderson model was used assess if there is an additive interaction between them. Animal protein, red meat protein and dairy products protein intake were significantly and positively associated with GDM. Among the eating habits, preferences for hot food, firm food and soft food were significantly associated with higher odds of GDM. Individuals with unhealthy eating habits and high dietary protein simultaneously had the highest odds of GDM, and the ORs were 2.06 (1.25, 3.41) for the total protein, 2.97 (1.78, 4.96) for animal meat, 3.98 (2.41, 6.57) for the red meat protein and 2.82 (1.81, 4.41) for the dairy protein; the <i>p</i> values for the trend were all significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, no additive interaction was detected. In conclusion, our study found that dietary protein intake and eating habits prior to GDM diagnosis were both independently and jointly associated with the odds of GDM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:59:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-259b8655de8a41fda50e44b25a4b6138 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:59:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-259b8655de8a41fda50e44b25a4b61382023-11-19T17:37:13ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-10-011520433210.3390/nu15204332Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control StudyKexin Gong0Lanci Xie1Yidan Cao2Xiayan Yu3Wenjing Qiang4Tuyan Fan5Tianli Zhu6Jingjing Liu7Fangbiao Tao8Beibei Zhu9Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaMa’anshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Ma’anshan 243011, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaDepartment of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, ChinaBecause the associations between different dietary protein sources and the risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are inconsistent, and those of eating habits with GDM have rarely been explored, we aimed to investigate the independent and joint association of major dietary protein sources and eating habits with GDM in a case-control study including 353 GDM cases and 718 controls in China. Dietary protein intake and eating habits prior to GDM diagnosis were collected through questionnaires at 24~28 gestational weeks. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent and joint associations of dietary protein intake and eating habits with GDM. The Anderson model was used assess if there is an additive interaction between them. Animal protein, red meat protein and dairy products protein intake were significantly and positively associated with GDM. Among the eating habits, preferences for hot food, firm food and soft food were significantly associated with higher odds of GDM. Individuals with unhealthy eating habits and high dietary protein simultaneously had the highest odds of GDM, and the ORs were 2.06 (1.25, 3.41) for the total protein, 2.97 (1.78, 4.96) for animal meat, 3.98 (2.41, 6.57) for the red meat protein and 2.82 (1.81, 4.41) for the dairy protein; the <i>p</i> values for the trend were all significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001). However, no additive interaction was detected. In conclusion, our study found that dietary protein intake and eating habits prior to GDM diagnosis were both independently and jointly associated with the odds of GDM.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4332dietary proteineating habitsgestational diabetes mellituscase-control study |
| spellingShingle | Kexin Gong Lanci Xie Yidan Cao Xiayan Yu Wenjing Qiang Tuyan Fan Tianli Zhu Jingjing Liu Fangbiao Tao Beibei Zhu Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study Nutrients dietary protein eating habits gestational diabetes mellitus case-control study |
| title | Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Joint Association of Dietary Protein Intake and Eating Habits with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | joint association of dietary protein intake and eating habits with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus a case control study |
| topic | dietary protein eating habits gestational diabetes mellitus case-control study |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4332 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kexingong jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT lancixie jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT yidancao jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT xiayanyu jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT wenjingqiang jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT tuyanfan jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT tianlizhu jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT jingjingliu jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT fangbiaotao jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy AT beibeizhu jointassociationofdietaryproteinintakeandeatinghabitswiththeriskofgestationaldiabetesmellitusacasecontrolstudy |