Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a pathology that affects both an individual’s life and their partner’s, representing an increasing health concern. Currently, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) remain the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction, and no other drugs are approved. However, the...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/22/12358 |
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| author | Chiara Amante Chiara De Soricellis Gianni Luccheo Anna Di Vernieri Luigi Luccheo Giovanni Falcone Pasquale Del Gaudio |
| author_facet | Chiara Amante Chiara De Soricellis Gianni Luccheo Anna Di Vernieri Luigi Luccheo Giovanni Falcone Pasquale Del Gaudio |
| author_sort | Chiara Amante |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a pathology that affects both an individual’s life and their partner’s, representing an increasing health concern. Currently, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) remain the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction, and no other drugs are approved. However, the high cost of these drugs and related adverse events limit their use. Since the concept of nutraceuticals has been extended from health promotion to the treatment of diseases, in this work, a novel mixture of different natural substances named Icarifil (L-Citrulline, L-Carnitine, <i>Eruca vesicaria</i>, <i>Panax ginseng</i>, <i>Tribulus terrestris</i>, <i>Turnera diffusa</i>, Taurine, Vitamin E, Zinc) was studied to verify its ability to increase the proliferation of muscle epithelium cells and cell turgor, as well as, due to containing antioxidants, its ability to reduce the amount of ROS that are mediators in the pathophysiological process of ED. Moreover, Icarifil showed efficacy in inhibiting PDE5 levels higher than 65% compared to the control and 35% compared to the mixture of L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine, the major components of the formulation. In association with the low dosage of a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor (tadalafil), the inhibitory capacity of tadalafil was significantly increased and comparable to high-dosage drug response, promoting the possibility of reducing the daily dosage of the drug and consequently its adverse effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:03:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-25a556ce418c4e92af9e30a9447286fd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:03:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-25a556ce418c4e92af9e30a9447286fd2023-11-24T14:27:25ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-11-0113221235810.3390/app132212358Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5Chiara Amante0Chiara De Soricellis1Gianni Luccheo2Anna Di Vernieri3Luigi Luccheo4Giovanni Falcone5Pasquale Del Gaudio6Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyAnvest Health S.r.l., Via Rosario Livatino, 84083 Castel San Giorgio, ItalyAnvest Health S.r.l., Via Rosario Livatino, 84083 Castel San Giorgio, ItalyAnvest Health S.r.l., Via Rosario Livatino, 84083 Castel San Giorgio, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyErectile dysfunction (ED) is a pathology that affects both an individual’s life and their partner’s, representing an increasing health concern. Currently, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) remain the first-line therapy for erectile dysfunction, and no other drugs are approved. However, the high cost of these drugs and related adverse events limit their use. Since the concept of nutraceuticals has been extended from health promotion to the treatment of diseases, in this work, a novel mixture of different natural substances named Icarifil (L-Citrulline, L-Carnitine, <i>Eruca vesicaria</i>, <i>Panax ginseng</i>, <i>Tribulus terrestris</i>, <i>Turnera diffusa</i>, Taurine, Vitamin E, Zinc) was studied to verify its ability to increase the proliferation of muscle epithelium cells and cell turgor, as well as, due to containing antioxidants, its ability to reduce the amount of ROS that are mediators in the pathophysiological process of ED. Moreover, Icarifil showed efficacy in inhibiting PDE5 levels higher than 65% compared to the control and 35% compared to the mixture of L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine, the major components of the formulation. In association with the low dosage of a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor (tadalafil), the inhibitory capacity of tadalafil was significantly increased and comparable to high-dosage drug response, promoting the possibility of reducing the daily dosage of the drug and consequently its adverse effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/22/12358nutraceuticalserectile dysfunctionL-arginineL-citrulline<i>Eruca vesicaria</i><i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| spellingShingle | Chiara Amante Chiara De Soricellis Gianni Luccheo Anna Di Vernieri Luigi Luccheo Giovanni Falcone Pasquale Del Gaudio Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5 Applied Sciences nutraceuticals erectile dysfunction L-arginine L-citrulline <i>Eruca vesicaria</i> <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| title | Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5 |
| title_full | Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5 |
| title_fullStr | Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5 |
| title_short | Icarifil, a Natural Mixture Based on L-Citrulline and L-Carnitine as a Novel Multicomponent Nutraceutical to Modulate ROS and PDE5 |
| title_sort | icarifil a natural mixture based on l citrulline and l carnitine as a novel multicomponent nutraceutical to modulate ros and pde5 |
| topic | nutraceuticals erectile dysfunction L-arginine L-citrulline <i>Eruca vesicaria</i> <i>Panax ginseng</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/22/12358 |
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