The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial
Abstract Background With the disintegration of the extended family in recent years, the empty-nest phenomenon is increasingly common in China and the health of empty nesters is attracting more attention. Lifestyles, accounting for 53% in determining death, play a vital role in improving the health o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2019-11-01
|
| Series: | Health and Quality of Life Outcomes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12955-019-1222-x |
| _version_ | 1818242564211343360 |
|---|---|
| author | Chichen Zhang Xiao Zheng Ruifang Zhu Lihong Hou Xiaozhao Yousef Yang Jiao Lu Feng Jiang Tingzhong Yang |
| author_facet | Chichen Zhang Xiao Zheng Ruifang Zhu Lihong Hou Xiaozhao Yousef Yang Jiao Lu Feng Jiang Tingzhong Yang |
| author_sort | Chichen Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background With the disintegration of the extended family in recent years, the empty-nest phenomenon is increasingly common in China and the health of empty nesters is attracting more attention. Lifestyles, accounting for 53% in determining death, play a vital role in improving the health of individuals. However, it was rarely studied in promoting the health of empty nesters. In this study, we proposed a “SMG” model in empty nesters, including the self-management, mutual management, and group management, to implement health-promoting lifestyles interventions among empty nesters to provide an effective means to improve their lifestyles and health. Methods We conducted a prospective intervention on 350 empty nesters in three communities located in Taiyuan, China. One hundred sixty-seven empty nesters were randomly assigned to the intervention group with SMG-based health-promoting lifestyles interventions used for 7-months, and 183 were randomly assigned to the control group with no measures imposed. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-C) was used to rate the lifestyles of empty nesters. Generalized estimation model was used to analyze the differences between the intervention and control groups over time, adjusted for education and employment. Results After 7 months of health-promoting lifestyles intervention, HPLP-C score and each dimension score in the intervention group all increase from baseline. There were significant differences after intervention associated with time and group interaction effects in aspects of HPLP-C (mean score = 8.838, 95%CI:6.369–11.306), self-realization (mean score = 1.443, 95%CI:0.352–2.534), Health responsibility (mean score = 1.492, 95%CI:0.477–2.508), physical activity (mean score = 1.031, 95%CI:0.572–1.491), nutrition (mean = 0.827, 95%CI:0.177–1.476), interpersonal relations (mean = 2.917, 95%CI:2.365–3.469) and stress management (mean score = 0.729, 95%CI:0.131–1.327). And education is contributing to the effect of the health-promoting lifestyle intervention (Estimate:8.833, p < 0.001). Conclusions SMG-based health-promoting lifestyles intervention in empty nesters effectively improved the lifestyles of empty nesters, and the outcome was affected by education. Lifestyle change requires ongoing intervention, and community service centres must be involved in implementing the “SMG” model to provide ongoing support and improve the effect of interventions among empty nesters. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial ChiCTR1800015884. Registration date: 26–04-2018. Retrospectively registered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:47:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-25ad13d4ca26483cb049ba1312b08447 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-7525 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:47:14Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health and Quality of Life Outcomes |
| spelling | doaj.art-25ad13d4ca26483cb049ba1312b084472022-12-22T00:22:38ZengBMCHealth and Quality of Life Outcomes1477-75252019-11-0117111010.1186/s12955-019-1222-xThe effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trialChichen Zhang0Xiao Zheng1Ruifang Zhu2Lihong Hou3Xiaozhao Yousef Yang4Jiao Lu5Feng Jiang6Tingzhong Yang7School of Health Services Management, Southern Medical UniversitySchool of Health Services Management, Southern Medical UniversitySchool of Nursing, Shanxi Medical UniversityCenter for Health Management and Policy Research, Shanxi Medical UniversityDepartment of Political Science and Sociology, Murray State UniversityCenter for Health Management and Policy Research, Shanxi Medical UniversityLibrary, Shanxi Medical UniversitySchool of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityAbstract Background With the disintegration of the extended family in recent years, the empty-nest phenomenon is increasingly common in China and the health of empty nesters is attracting more attention. Lifestyles, accounting for 53% in determining death, play a vital role in improving the health of individuals. However, it was rarely studied in promoting the health of empty nesters. In this study, we proposed a “SMG” model in empty nesters, including the self-management, mutual management, and group management, to implement health-promoting lifestyles interventions among empty nesters to provide an effective means to improve their lifestyles and health. Methods We conducted a prospective intervention on 350 empty nesters in three communities located in Taiyuan, China. One hundred sixty-seven empty nesters were randomly assigned to the intervention group with SMG-based health-promoting lifestyles interventions used for 7-months, and 183 were randomly assigned to the control group with no measures imposed. The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-C) was used to rate the lifestyles of empty nesters. Generalized estimation model was used to analyze the differences between the intervention and control groups over time, adjusted for education and employment. Results After 7 months of health-promoting lifestyles intervention, HPLP-C score and each dimension score in the intervention group all increase from baseline. There were significant differences after intervention associated with time and group interaction effects in aspects of HPLP-C (mean score = 8.838, 95%CI:6.369–11.306), self-realization (mean score = 1.443, 95%CI:0.352–2.534), Health responsibility (mean score = 1.492, 95%CI:0.477–2.508), physical activity (mean score = 1.031, 95%CI:0.572–1.491), nutrition (mean = 0.827, 95%CI:0.177–1.476), interpersonal relations (mean = 2.917, 95%CI:2.365–3.469) and stress management (mean score = 0.729, 95%CI:0.131–1.327). And education is contributing to the effect of the health-promoting lifestyle intervention (Estimate:8.833, p < 0.001). Conclusions SMG-based health-promoting lifestyles intervention in empty nesters effectively improved the lifestyles of empty nesters, and the outcome was affected by education. Lifestyle change requires ongoing intervention, and community service centres must be involved in implementing the “SMG” model to provide ongoing support and improve the effect of interventions among empty nesters. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial ChiCTR1800015884. Registration date: 26–04-2018. Retrospectively registered.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12955-019-1222-xHealth managementThe “SMG” modelHealth-promoting lifestylesEmpty nestersIntervention |
| spellingShingle | Chichen Zhang Xiao Zheng Ruifang Zhu Lihong Hou Xiaozhao Yousef Yang Jiao Lu Feng Jiang Tingzhong Yang The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Health management The “SMG” model Health-promoting lifestyles Empty nesters Intervention |
| title | The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial |
| title_full | The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial |
| title_fullStr | The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial |
| title_short | The effectiveness of the “SMG” model for health-promoting lifestyles among empty nesters: a community intervention trial |
| title_sort | effectiveness of the smg model for health promoting lifestyles among empty nesters a community intervention trial |
| topic | Health management The “SMG” model Health-promoting lifestyles Empty nesters Intervention |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12955-019-1222-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chichenzhang theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT xiaozheng theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT ruifangzhu theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT lihonghou theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT xiaozhaoyousefyang theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT jiaolu theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT fengjiang theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT tingzhongyang theeffectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT chichenzhang effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT xiaozheng effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT ruifangzhu effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT lihonghou effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT xiaozhaoyousefyang effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT jiaolu effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT fengjiang effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial AT tingzhongyang effectivenessofthesmgmodelforhealthpromotinglifestylesamongemptynestersacommunityinterventiontrial |