| Summary: | The topological partition theory states that icosahedral group affine extensions (fullerenes symmetry) are the most effective way to energetically optimize the surface covering. In recent decades, potential applications of fullerene symmetry have emerged in the major fields of biology, like enzyme inhibition and antiviral therapy. This research suggests a novel perspective to interpret the underlying spatial organization of cell populations in tissues from the polyhedral graph theory. We adopted this theoretical framework to study HUVEC cell in vitro angiogenesis assays on Matrigel. This work underscores the importance of extracellular <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">a</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> gradients, both from conditioned BJ and pretreated HUVEC cells, in angiogenesis fullerene-rule spatial minimization.
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