Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam
Abstract The Assam lemon is a highly valued Citrus cultivar known for its unique aroma, flavor, and appearance. This study aimed to investigate the morphological, seeding pattern and biochemical variations within 132 populations of Assam lemon from across 22 districts of Assam along with the control...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54392-3 |
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| author | Suraiya Akhtar Raja Ahmed Khaleda Begum Ankur Das Sarat Saikia Rafiul Amin Laskar Sofia Banu |
| author_facet | Suraiya Akhtar Raja Ahmed Khaleda Begum Ankur Das Sarat Saikia Rafiul Amin Laskar Sofia Banu |
| author_sort | Suraiya Akhtar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Assam lemon is a highly valued Citrus cultivar known for its unique aroma, flavor, and appearance. This study aimed to investigate the morphological, seeding pattern and biochemical variations within 132 populations of Assam lemon from across 22 districts of Assam along with the control samples, with the objective to offer comprehensive understanding that could facilitate the improvement of breeding programs and further improvement of this important cultivar. Clustering based on UPGMA algorithm for morphological and seeding pattern data were analysed at population level, revealed two major clusters, where all the populations of Upper Assam districts were in the same cluster with the original stock (control population). The populations from Tinsukia and Dhemaji districts displayed more close similarities with the control population in comparison to populations of Upper Assam districts. Another interesting observation was regarding flowering patterns, while populations from Upper Assam districts excluding Golaghat district displayed both bisexual and unisexual flowers with less concentration of unisexual flowers, other remaining districts had bisexual and unisexual flowers of almost equal concentration. Unisexual flowers contained only the male reproductive organs with 40 anthers, while bisexual flowers had 36 anthers. Seeding patterns were examined across the districts, and it was found that populations from Tinsukia, Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, Dibrugarh, Jorhat, and the control population exhibited seedless characteristic while populations from other selected districts displayed a combination of seedless and seeded traits. Interestingly, Golaghat district appears as the linking district and showed availability of both seeded and seedless Assam lemon fruit, connecting the regions of Barak valley, Central, Lower, North and Upper Assam. Biochemical analysis showed significant variations across districts, however, the populations from Dhemaji, Tinsukia, Lakhimpur, Dibrugarh, and Jorhat districts displayed similarity with the control population. The study also investigated variability in soil nutrient content revealing substantial variation among the populations studied. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the morphological, seeding pattern, and biochemical diversity within the Assam lemon cultivar. These findings can be instrumental in breeding programs to enhance the cultivar, particularly in producing high-quality seedless fruits to meet consumer demands. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:04:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-25c0171a0b5e43ad9fd0d92207f3f6bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:04:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-25c0171a0b5e43ad9fd0d92207f3f6bc2024-03-05T18:57:09ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-02-0114112410.1038/s41598-024-54392-3Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across AssamSuraiya Akhtar0Raja Ahmed1Khaleda Begum2Ankur Das3Sarat Saikia4Rafiul Amin Laskar5Sofia Banu6Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati UniversityDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati UniversityDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati UniversityDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati UniversityHorticulture Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, KahikuchiDepartment of Botany, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Adarsha Mahavidyalaya (PDUAM), EraligoolDepartment of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati UniversityAbstract The Assam lemon is a highly valued Citrus cultivar known for its unique aroma, flavor, and appearance. This study aimed to investigate the morphological, seeding pattern and biochemical variations within 132 populations of Assam lemon from across 22 districts of Assam along with the control samples, with the objective to offer comprehensive understanding that could facilitate the improvement of breeding programs and further improvement of this important cultivar. Clustering based on UPGMA algorithm for morphological and seeding pattern data were analysed at population level, revealed two major clusters, where all the populations of Upper Assam districts were in the same cluster with the original stock (control population). The populations from Tinsukia and Dhemaji districts displayed more close similarities with the control population in comparison to populations of Upper Assam districts. Another interesting observation was regarding flowering patterns, while populations from Upper Assam districts excluding Golaghat district displayed both bisexual and unisexual flowers with less concentration of unisexual flowers, other remaining districts had bisexual and unisexual flowers of almost equal concentration. Unisexual flowers contained only the male reproductive organs with 40 anthers, while bisexual flowers had 36 anthers. Seeding patterns were examined across the districts, and it was found that populations from Tinsukia, Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, Dibrugarh, Jorhat, and the control population exhibited seedless characteristic while populations from other selected districts displayed a combination of seedless and seeded traits. Interestingly, Golaghat district appears as the linking district and showed availability of both seeded and seedless Assam lemon fruit, connecting the regions of Barak valley, Central, Lower, North and Upper Assam. Biochemical analysis showed significant variations across districts, however, the populations from Dhemaji, Tinsukia, Lakhimpur, Dibrugarh, and Jorhat districts displayed similarity with the control population. The study also investigated variability in soil nutrient content revealing substantial variation among the populations studied. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the morphological, seeding pattern, and biochemical diversity within the Assam lemon cultivar. These findings can be instrumental in breeding programs to enhance the cultivar, particularly in producing high-quality seedless fruits to meet consumer demands.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54392-3Citrus limonAssam lemonBiochemical variationMorphological variationSeeding patternSoil analysis |
| spellingShingle | Suraiya Akhtar Raja Ahmed Khaleda Begum Ankur Das Sarat Saikia Rafiul Amin Laskar Sofia Banu Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam Scientific Reports Citrus limon Assam lemon Biochemical variation Morphological variation Seeding pattern Soil analysis |
| title | Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam |
| title_full | Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam |
| title_short | Evaluation of morphological traits, biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among Citrus limon ‘Assam lemon’ accessions across Assam |
| title_sort | evaluation of morphological traits biochemical parameters and seeding availability pattern among citrus limon assam lemon accessions across assam |
| topic | Citrus limon Assam lemon Biochemical variation Morphological variation Seeding pattern Soil analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54392-3 |
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