Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants
Expandable implants including shape memory alloy (SMA) elements have great potential to minimize the risk of implant loosening and to increase the primary stability of bone anchoring. Surface structuring of such elements may further improve these properties and support osteointegration and bone heal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3264 |
| _version_ | 1797561561454215168 |
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| author | Isabell Hamann Ute Hempel Christian Rotsch Mario Leimert |
| author_facet | Isabell Hamann Ute Hempel Christian Rotsch Mario Leimert |
| author_sort | Isabell Hamann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Expandable implants including shape memory alloy (SMA) elements have great potential to minimize the risk of implant loosening and to increase the primary stability of bone anchoring. Surface structuring of such elements may further improve these properties and support osteointegration and bone healing. In this given study, SMA sheets were processed by deploying additive and removal manufacturing technologies for 3D-printed surgical implants. The additive technology was realized by applying a new laser beam melting technology to print titanium structures on the SMA sheets. The removal step was realized as a standard process with an ultrashort-pulse laser. The morphology, metabolic activity, and mineralization patterns of human bone marrow stromal cells were examined to evaluate the biocompatibility of the new surface structures. It was shown that both surface structures support cell adhesion and the formation of a cytoskeleton. The examination of the metabolic activity of the marrow stromal cells on the samples showed that the number of cells on the laser-structured samples was lower when compared to the 3D-printed ones. The calcium phosphate accumulation, which was used to examine the mineralization of marrow stromal cells, was higher in the laser-structured samples than in the 3D-printed ones. These results indicate that the additive- and laser-structured SAM sheets seem biocompatible and that the macrostructure surface and manufacturing technology may have positive influences on the behavior of the bone formation. The use of the new additive technique and the resulting macrostructures seems to be a promising approach to combine increased anchorage stability with simultaneously enhanced osteointegration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:16:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-25c2c8b174ab410a839f87709ab551c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:16:41Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-25c2c8b174ab410a839f87709ab551c02023-11-20T07:39:11ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-07-011315326410.3390/ma13153264Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of ImplantsIsabell Hamann0Ute Hempel1Christian Rotsch2Mario Leimert3Department of Medical Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Dresden, 01187 Saxony, GermanyInstitute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Dresden, 01307 Saxony, GermanyDepartment of Medical Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology, Dresden, 01187 Saxony, GermanyDepartment of Neurosurgery and Spine Surgery, Sächsische Schweiz Kliniken GmbH, Sebnitz, 01855 Saxony, GermanyExpandable implants including shape memory alloy (SMA) elements have great potential to minimize the risk of implant loosening and to increase the primary stability of bone anchoring. Surface structuring of such elements may further improve these properties and support osteointegration and bone healing. In this given study, SMA sheets were processed by deploying additive and removal manufacturing technologies for 3D-printed surgical implants. The additive technology was realized by applying a new laser beam melting technology to print titanium structures on the SMA sheets. The removal step was realized as a standard process with an ultrashort-pulse laser. The morphology, metabolic activity, and mineralization patterns of human bone marrow stromal cells were examined to evaluate the biocompatibility of the new surface structures. It was shown that both surface structures support cell adhesion and the formation of a cytoskeleton. The examination of the metabolic activity of the marrow stromal cells on the samples showed that the number of cells on the laser-structured samples was lower when compared to the 3D-printed ones. The calcium phosphate accumulation, which was used to examine the mineralization of marrow stromal cells, was higher in the laser-structured samples than in the 3D-printed ones. These results indicate that the additive- and laser-structured SAM sheets seem biocompatible and that the macrostructure surface and manufacturing technology may have positive influences on the behavior of the bone formation. The use of the new additive technique and the resulting macrostructures seems to be a promising approach to combine increased anchorage stability with simultaneously enhanced osteointegration.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3264additive structuringbiocompatibilityhuman bone marrow stromal cellsimplant surfacelaser structuringprimary implant stability increase |
| spellingShingle | Isabell Hamann Ute Hempel Christian Rotsch Mario Leimert Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants Materials additive structuring biocompatibility human bone marrow stromal cells implant surface laser structuring primary implant stability increase |
| title | Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants |
| title_full | Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants |
| title_fullStr | Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants |
| title_short | Biological Cell Investigation of Structured Nitinol Surfaces for the Functionalization of Implants |
| title_sort | biological cell investigation of structured nitinol surfaces for the functionalization of implants |
| topic | additive structuring biocompatibility human bone marrow stromal cells implant surface laser structuring primary implant stability increase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/15/3264 |
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