Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves
Herein, two sandwich and porous interleaves composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) and poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) are proposed, which can simultaneously toughen and self-heal the interlaminar interface of a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) by in situ electrical heating of the CNTs. T...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4313 |
| _version_ | 1797470133213462528 |
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| author | Qin Ouyang Ling Liu Zhanjun Wu |
| author_facet | Qin Ouyang Ling Liu Zhanjun Wu |
| author_sort | Qin Ouyang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herein, two sandwich and porous interleaves composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) and poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) are proposed, which can simultaneously toughen and self-heal the interlaminar interface of a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) by in situ electrical heating of the CNTs. The critical strain energy release rate modes I (<i>G</i><sub>IC</sub>) and II (<i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub>) are measured to evaluate the toughening and self-healing efficiencies of the interleaves. The results show that compared to the baseline CFRP, the CNT-EMAA-CNT interleaf could increase the <i>G</i><sub>IC</sub> by 24.0% and the <i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub> by 15.2%, respectively, and their respective self-healing efficiencies could reach 109.7–123.5% and 90.6–91.2%; meanwhile, the EMAA-CNT-EMAA interleaf can improve the <i>G</i><sub>IC</sub> and <i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub> by 66.9% and 16.7%, respectively, and the corresponding self-healing efficiencies of the <i>G</i><sub>IC</sub> and <i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub> are 122.7–125.9% and 93.1–94.7%. Thus, both the interleaves show good toughening and self-healing efficiencies on the interlaminar fracture toughness. Specifically, the EMAA-CNT-EMAA interleaf possesses better multi-functionality, i.e., moderate toughening ability but notable self-healing efficiency via electrical heating, which is better than the traditional neat EMAA interleaf and oven-based heating healing method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:32:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-25e2d0c77b44466f826c0b43885bbdb0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:32:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-25e2d0c77b44466f826c0b43885bbdb02023-11-24T02:07:03ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602022-10-011420431310.3390/polym14204313Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer InterleavesQin Ouyang0Ling Liu1Zhanjun Wu2School of Aerospace Engineering & Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaSchool of Aerospace Engineering & Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, ChinaSchool of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, ChinaHerein, two sandwich and porous interleaves composed of carbon nanotube (CNT) and poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA) are proposed, which can simultaneously toughen and self-heal the interlaminar interface of a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) by in situ electrical heating of the CNTs. The critical strain energy release rate modes I (<i>G</i><sub>IC</sub>) and II (<i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub>) are measured to evaluate the toughening and self-healing efficiencies of the interleaves. The results show that compared to the baseline CFRP, the CNT-EMAA-CNT interleaf could increase the <i>G</i><sub>IC</sub> by 24.0% and the <i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub> by 15.2%, respectively, and their respective self-healing efficiencies could reach 109.7–123.5% and 90.6–91.2%; meanwhile, the EMAA-CNT-EMAA interleaf can improve the <i>G</i><sub>IC</sub> and <i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub> by 66.9% and 16.7%, respectively, and the corresponding self-healing efficiencies of the <i>G</i><sub>IC</sub> and <i>G</i><sub>IIC</sub> are 122.7–125.9% and 93.1–94.7%. Thus, both the interleaves show good toughening and self-healing efficiencies on the interlaminar fracture toughness. Specifically, the EMAA-CNT-EMAA interleaf possesses better multi-functionality, i.e., moderate toughening ability but notable self-healing efficiency via electrical heating, which is better than the traditional neat EMAA interleaf and oven-based heating healing method.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4313carbon nanotubepolymer matrix compositestougheningself-healingelectrical heating |
| spellingShingle | Qin Ouyang Ling Liu Zhanjun Wu Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves Polymers carbon nanotube polymer matrix composites toughening self-healing electrical heating |
| title | Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves |
| title_full | Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves |
| title_fullStr | Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves |
| title_short | Electrothermally Self-Healing Delamination Cracks in Carbon/Epoxy Composites Using Sandwich and Tough Carbon Nanotube/Copolymer Interleaves |
| title_sort | electrothermally self healing delamination cracks in carbon epoxy composites using sandwich and tough carbon nanotube copolymer interleaves |
| topic | carbon nanotube polymer matrix composites toughening self-healing electrical heating |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4313 |
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