Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822)
The pirarucu, <i>Arapaima gigas</i>, is an emblematic endangered Amazon osteoglossid with high potential for aquaculture development. In this study, we report the in vivo collection of semen from pirarucu for the first-time and a complete description of the spermatozoa ultrastructure usi...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| author | Lucas S. Torati Júlia T. Lopes Adriana F. Lima Velmurugu Puvanendran Sergio R. Batlouni Luciana N. Ganeco-Kirschnik |
| author_facet | Lucas S. Torati Júlia T. Lopes Adriana F. Lima Velmurugu Puvanendran Sergio R. Batlouni Luciana N. Ganeco-Kirschnik |
| author_sort | Lucas S. Torati |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The pirarucu, <i>Arapaima gigas</i>, is an emblematic endangered Amazon osteoglossid with high potential for aquaculture development. In this study, we report the in vivo collection of semen from pirarucu for the first-time and a complete description of the spermatozoa ultrastructure using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The spermatozoon of pirarucu is biflagellate with no acrosomal cell, comprising a spherical head (8.26 ± 2.19 µm<sup>2</sup>), a short intermediate piece region and two long flagella (68.34 ± 5.69 µm). The nucleus is spherical and electron-dense, and at its base, there are two nuclear fossae where the centrioles are found. The anterior part of the flagellum is positioned at the lateral base of the nucleus, forming an intermediate piece. Lateral to the intermediate piece, an abundant number of mitochondria are present and occupy most of the cytoplasmic volume. The two flagella were found with a 9 + 2 axonemal structure (nine peripheral doublets and two central microtubules). The central microtubules are aligned with two side fins formed laterally by the axoneme plasma membrane. Side fins were observed from the anterior region to the posterior end. The results show that the spermatozoa of <i>A. gigas</i> are biflagellate, mitochondria-rich and robust, corroborating the external fertilization characteristic of the species. The novel description of sperm morphology presented herein will contribute to advancing the knowledge of and aiding future research on the reproductive biology of this species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:56:59Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:56:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Fishes |
| spelling | doaj.art-25f392d1db62418bbc671f358fb6c6752024-01-26T16:24:28ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882024-01-01912410.3390/fishes9010024Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822)Lucas S. Torati0Júlia T. Lopes1Adriana F. Lima2Velmurugu Puvanendran3Sergio R. Batlouni4Luciana N. Ganeco-Kirschnik5EMBRAPA Fisheries and Aquaculture, Palmas 77008-900, BrazilInstituto Federal do Tocantins—IFTO, Campus Pedro Afonso, Pedro Afonso 77710-000, BrazilEMBRAPA Fisheries and Aquaculture, Palmas 77008-900, BrazilCenter for Marine Aquaculture & Production Biology, Nofima AS, Muninbakken 9, 9019 Tromsø, NorwayCentro de Aquicultura da UNESP—CAUNESP, Universidade Estadual Paulista—UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, BrazilEMBRAPA Fisheries and Aquaculture, Palmas 77008-900, BrazilThe pirarucu, <i>Arapaima gigas</i>, is an emblematic endangered Amazon osteoglossid with high potential for aquaculture development. In this study, we report the in vivo collection of semen from pirarucu for the first-time and a complete description of the spermatozoa ultrastructure using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The spermatozoon of pirarucu is biflagellate with no acrosomal cell, comprising a spherical head (8.26 ± 2.19 µm<sup>2</sup>), a short intermediate piece region and two long flagella (68.34 ± 5.69 µm). The nucleus is spherical and electron-dense, and at its base, there are two nuclear fossae where the centrioles are found. The anterior part of the flagellum is positioned at the lateral base of the nucleus, forming an intermediate piece. Lateral to the intermediate piece, an abundant number of mitochondria are present and occupy most of the cytoplasmic volume. The two flagella were found with a 9 + 2 axonemal structure (nine peripheral doublets and two central microtubules). The central microtubules are aligned with two side fins formed laterally by the axoneme plasma membrane. Side fins were observed from the anterior region to the posterior end. The results show that the spermatozoa of <i>A. gigas</i> are biflagellate, mitochondria-rich and robust, corroborating the external fertilization characteristic of the species. The novel description of sperm morphology presented herein will contribute to advancing the knowledge of and aiding future research on the reproductive biology of this species.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/24biflagellate spermatozoaOsteoglossidaepirarucureproductionultrastructure |
| spellingShingle | Lucas S. Torati Júlia T. Lopes Adriana F. Lima Velmurugu Puvanendran Sergio R. Batlouni Luciana N. Ganeco-Kirschnik Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822) Fishes biflagellate spermatozoa Osteoglossidae pirarucu reproduction ultrastructure |
| title | Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822) |
| title_full | Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822) |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822) |
| title_short | Feasibility of In Vivo Semen Collection and Description of the Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoa of <i>Arapaima gigas</i> (Schinz, 1822) |
| title_sort | feasibility of in vivo semen collection and description of the morphology and ultrastructure of the spermatozoa of i arapaima gigas i schinz 1822 |
| topic | biflagellate spermatozoa Osteoglossidae pirarucu reproduction ultrastructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/1/24 |
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