Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations
Trees can resorb nutrients to preserve and reuse them before leaves fall, which could efficiently adapt to environmental changes. However, the nutrient requirements of trees in different months with seasonal climate changes are often neglected. In this study, we selected plantations of an evergreen...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/9/1458 |
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| author | Yaoyi Zhang Jing Yang Xinyu Wei Xiangyin Ni Fuzhong Wu |
| author_facet | Yaoyi Zhang Jing Yang Xinyu Wei Xiangyin Ni Fuzhong Wu |
| author_sort | Yaoyi Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Trees can resorb nutrients to preserve and reuse them before leaves fall, which could efficiently adapt to environmental changes. However, the nutrient requirements of trees in different months with seasonal climate changes are often neglected. In this study, we selected plantations of an evergreen broadleaf tree (<i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata) and a coniferous tree (<i>Cunninghamia lanceolate</i> (Lamb.) Hook.) in the subtropics. The monthly dynamics of leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) resorption efficiencies and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios were checked along a growing season from April to October 2021. Trees in both plantations exhibited efficient N and P resorption but with significant monthly variations. The N and P resorption efficiencies in the <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation ranged from 34.26% to 56.28% and 41.01% to 54.85%, respectively, and were highest in September. In contrast, N and P resorption efficiencies in the <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> plantation ranged from 11.25% to 34.23% and 49.22% to 58.72%, respectively, and were highest in July. Compared with the <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i>, the C:N of the <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> plantation was significantly lower, while its C:P was significantly higher in May and September. The <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> plantation was strongly limited by P (the N:P ratios in mature leaves were higher than 20), whereas the <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation might be limited by both N and P (the N:P ratios in mature leaves were between 10 and 20). In addition, the statistical analyses revealed that temperature and precipitation were significantly associated with N and P resorption efficiencies, but the relationships were controlled by forest types. These findings highlight that efficient resorption of N and P may be beneficial in regulating nutrient limitation and balance in subtropical forest ecosystems. These results contribute to the understanding of N and P utilization strategies of trees and provide a theoretical basis for vegetation management in the subtropics. |
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| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-25fcabb789d94dd198a43137805902cf2023-11-23T16:17:48ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072022-09-01139145810.3390/f13091458Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. PlantationsYaoyi Zhang0Jing Yang1Xinyu Wei2Xiangyin Ni3Fuzhong Wu4Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, ChinaKey Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, ChinaKey Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, ChinaKey Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, ChinaKey Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, ChinaTrees can resorb nutrients to preserve and reuse them before leaves fall, which could efficiently adapt to environmental changes. However, the nutrient requirements of trees in different months with seasonal climate changes are often neglected. In this study, we selected plantations of an evergreen broadleaf tree (<i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata) and a coniferous tree (<i>Cunninghamia lanceolate</i> (Lamb.) Hook.) in the subtropics. The monthly dynamics of leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) resorption efficiencies and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios were checked along a growing season from April to October 2021. Trees in both plantations exhibited efficient N and P resorption but with significant monthly variations. The N and P resorption efficiencies in the <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation ranged from 34.26% to 56.28% and 41.01% to 54.85%, respectively, and were highest in September. In contrast, N and P resorption efficiencies in the <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> plantation ranged from 11.25% to 34.23% and 49.22% to 58.72%, respectively, and were highest in July. Compared with the <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i>, the C:N of the <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> plantation was significantly lower, while its C:P was significantly higher in May and September. The <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> plantation was strongly limited by P (the N:P ratios in mature leaves were higher than 20), whereas the <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> plantation might be limited by both N and P (the N:P ratios in mature leaves were between 10 and 20). In addition, the statistical analyses revealed that temperature and precipitation were significantly associated with N and P resorption efficiencies, but the relationships were controlled by forest types. These findings highlight that efficient resorption of N and P may be beneficial in regulating nutrient limitation and balance in subtropical forest ecosystems. These results contribute to the understanding of N and P utilization strategies of trees and provide a theoretical basis for vegetation management in the subtropics.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/9/1458nutrient reuse strategynutrient limitationecological stoichiometric ratiosmature and senescent leavessubtropical forest plantation |
| spellingShingle | Yaoyi Zhang Jing Yang Xinyu Wei Xiangyin Ni Fuzhong Wu Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations Forests nutrient reuse strategy nutrient limitation ecological stoichiometric ratios mature and senescent leaves subtropical forest plantation |
| title | Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations |
| title_full | Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations |
| title_fullStr | Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations |
| title_short | Monthly Dynamical Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Resorption Efficiencies and C:N:P Stoichiometric Ratios in <i>Castanopsis carlesii</i> (Hemsl.) Hayata and <i>Cunninghamia lanceolata</i> (Lamb.) Hook. Plantations |
| title_sort | monthly dynamical patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus resorption efficiencies and c n p stoichiometric ratios in i castanopsis carlesii i hemsl hayata and i cunninghamia lanceolata i lamb hook plantations |
| topic | nutrient reuse strategy nutrient limitation ecological stoichiometric ratios mature and senescent leaves subtropical forest plantation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/9/1458 |
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