Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment
The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in cancer progression has been uncovered in recent years. ILCs are classified as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 ILCs, which are characterized by the transcription factors necessary for their development and the cytokines and chemokines they produce. ILCs are a hi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/11/3177 |
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| author | Aintzane Apraiz Aitor Benedicto Joana Marquez Andrea Agüera-Lorente Aintzane Asumendi Elvira Olaso Beatriz Arteta |
| author_facet | Aintzane Apraiz Aitor Benedicto Joana Marquez Andrea Agüera-Lorente Aintzane Asumendi Elvira Olaso Beatriz Arteta |
| author_sort | Aintzane Apraiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in cancer progression has been uncovered in recent years. ILCs are classified as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 ILCs, which are characterized by the transcription factors necessary for their development and the cytokines and chemokines they produce. ILCs are a highly heterogeneous cell population, showing both anti– and protumoral properties and capable of adapting their phenotypes and functions depending on the signals they receive from their surrounding environment. ILCs are considered the innate counterparts of the adaptive immune cells during physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, and as such, ILC subsets reflect different types of T cells. In cancer, each ILC subset plays a crucial role, not only in innate immunity but also as regulators of the tumor microenvironment. ILCs’ interplay with other immune and stromal cells in the metastatic microenvironment further dictates and influences this dichotomy, further strengthening the seed-and-soil theory and supporting the formation of more suitable and organ-specific metastatic environments. Here, we review the present knowledge on the different ILC subsets, focusing on their interplay with components of the tumor environment during the development of primary melanoma as well as on metastatic progression to organs, such as the liver or lung. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:14:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2605439472954cd5a6d99609fc227591 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:14:36Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-2605439472954cd5a6d99609fc2275912023-11-20T18:59:16ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-10-011211317710.3390/cancers12113177Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma MicroenvironmentAintzane Apraiz0Aitor Benedicto1Joana Marquez2Andrea Agüera-Lorente3Aintzane Asumendi4Elvira Olaso5Beatriz Arteta6Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainDepartment of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, SpainThe role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in cancer progression has been uncovered in recent years. ILCs are classified as Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3 ILCs, which are characterized by the transcription factors necessary for their development and the cytokines and chemokines they produce. ILCs are a highly heterogeneous cell population, showing both anti– and protumoral properties and capable of adapting their phenotypes and functions depending on the signals they receive from their surrounding environment. ILCs are considered the innate counterparts of the adaptive immune cells during physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, and as such, ILC subsets reflect different types of T cells. In cancer, each ILC subset plays a crucial role, not only in innate immunity but also as regulators of the tumor microenvironment. ILCs’ interplay with other immune and stromal cells in the metastatic microenvironment further dictates and influences this dichotomy, further strengthening the seed-and-soil theory and supporting the formation of more suitable and organ-specific metastatic environments. Here, we review the present knowledge on the different ILC subsets, focusing on their interplay with components of the tumor environment during the development of primary melanoma as well as on metastatic progression to organs, such as the liver or lung.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/11/3177melanomatumor microenvironmentinnate lymphoid cellsextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Aintzane Apraiz Aitor Benedicto Joana Marquez Andrea Agüera-Lorente Aintzane Asumendi Elvira Olaso Beatriz Arteta Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment Cancers melanoma tumor microenvironment innate lymphoid cells extracellular vesicles |
| title | Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment |
| title_full | Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment |
| title_fullStr | Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment |
| title_short | Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Malignant Melanoma Microenvironment |
| title_sort | innate lymphoid cells in the malignant melanoma microenvironment |
| topic | melanoma tumor microenvironment innate lymphoid cells extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/11/3177 |
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