MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN
The view that anatomically distinct memory systems differentially contribute to the development of drug addiction and relapse has received extensive support. The present brief review revisits this hypothesis as it was originally proposed twenty years ago (White, 1996) and highlights several recent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00024/full |
| _version_ | 1818909102386970624 |
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| author | Jarid eGoodman Mark G. Packard |
| author_facet | Jarid eGoodman Mark G. Packard |
| author_sort | Jarid eGoodman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The view that anatomically distinct memory systems differentially contribute to the development of drug addiction and relapse has received extensive support. The present brief review revisits this hypothesis as it was originally proposed twenty years ago (White, 1996) and highlights several recent developments. Extensive research employing a variety of animal learning paradigms indicates that dissociable neural systems mediate distinct types of learning and memory. Each memory system potentially contributes unique components to the learned behavior supporting drug addiction and relapse. In particular, the shift from recreational drug use to compulsive drug abuse may reflect a neuroanatomical shift from cognitive control of behavior mediated by the hippocampus/dorsomedial striatum toward habitual control of behavior mediated by the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). In addition, stress/anxiety may constitute a cofactor that facilitates DLS-dependent memory, and this may serve as a neurobehavioral mechanism underlying the increased drug use and relapse in humans following stressful life events. Evidence supporting the multiple systems view of drug addiction comes predominantly from studies of learning and memory that have employed as reinforcers addictive substances often considered within the context of drug addiction research, including cocaine, alcohol, and amphetamines. In addition, recent evidence suggests that the memory systems approach may also be helpful for understanding topical sources of addiction that reflect emerging health concerns, including marijuana use, high-fat diet, and video game playing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:21:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26386d7938cb4e8f88e4e1ed32d18d0e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T22:21:34Z |
| publishDate | 2016-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-26386d7938cb4e8f88e4e1ed32d18d0e2022-12-21T20:03:37ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402016-02-01710.3389/fpsyt.2016.00024180359MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAINJarid eGoodman0Mark G. Packard1Texas A&M UniversityTexas A&M UniversityThe view that anatomically distinct memory systems differentially contribute to the development of drug addiction and relapse has received extensive support. The present brief review revisits this hypothesis as it was originally proposed twenty years ago (White, 1996) and highlights several recent developments. Extensive research employing a variety of animal learning paradigms indicates that dissociable neural systems mediate distinct types of learning and memory. Each memory system potentially contributes unique components to the learned behavior supporting drug addiction and relapse. In particular, the shift from recreational drug use to compulsive drug abuse may reflect a neuroanatomical shift from cognitive control of behavior mediated by the hippocampus/dorsomedial striatum toward habitual control of behavior mediated by the dorsolateral striatum (DLS). In addition, stress/anxiety may constitute a cofactor that facilitates DLS-dependent memory, and this may serve as a neurobehavioral mechanism underlying the increased drug use and relapse in humans following stressful life events. Evidence supporting the multiple systems view of drug addiction comes predominantly from studies of learning and memory that have employed as reinforcers addictive substances often considered within the context of drug addiction research, including cocaine, alcohol, and amphetamines. In addition, recent evidence suggests that the memory systems approach may also be helpful for understanding topical sources of addiction that reflect emerging health concerns, including marijuana use, high-fat diet, and video game playing.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00024/fullAmygdalaAnxietyHippocampusMemorystressStriatum |
| spellingShingle | Jarid eGoodman Mark G. Packard MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN Frontiers in Psychiatry Amygdala Anxiety Hippocampus Memory stress Striatum |
| title | MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN |
| title_full | MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN |
| title_fullStr | MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN |
| title_full_unstemmed | MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN |
| title_short | MEMORY SYSTEMS AND THE ADDICTED BRAIN |
| title_sort | memory systems and the addicted brain |
| topic | Amygdala Anxiety Hippocampus Memory stress Striatum |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00024/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jaridegoodman memorysystemsandtheaddictedbrain AT markgpackard memorysystemsandtheaddictedbrain |