Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety
Objectives: One of the largest clusters of Covid-19 infections was observed in Italy. The population was forced to home confinement, exposing individuals to increased risk for insomnia, which is, in turn, associated with depression and anxiety. Through a cross-sectional online survey targeting all I...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579107/full |
| _version_ | 1818594560296615936 |
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| author | Valeria Bacaro Valeria Bacaro Marco Chiabudini Carlo Buonanno Paola De Bartolo Paola De Bartolo Dieter Riemann Francesco Mancini Francesco Mancini Chiara Baglioni Chiara Baglioni Chiara Baglioni |
| author_facet | Valeria Bacaro Valeria Bacaro Marco Chiabudini Carlo Buonanno Paola De Bartolo Paola De Bartolo Dieter Riemann Francesco Mancini Francesco Mancini Chiara Baglioni Chiara Baglioni Chiara Baglioni |
| author_sort | Valeria Bacaro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: One of the largest clusters of Covid-19 infections was observed in Italy. The population was forced to home confinement, exposing individuals to increased risk for insomnia, which is, in turn, associated with depression and anxiety. Through a cross-sectional online survey targeting all Italian adult population (≥18 yrs), insomnia prevalence and its interactions with relevant factors were investigated.Methods: The survey was distributed from 1st April to 4th May 2020. We collected information on insomnia severity, depression, anxiety, sleep hygiene behaviors, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, circadian preference, emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility, perceived stress, health habits, self-report of mental disorders, and variables related to individual difference in life changes due to the pandemic's outbreak.Results: The final sample comprised 1,989 persons (38.4 ± 12.8 yrs). Prevalence of clinical insomnia was 18.6%. Results from multivariable linear regression showed that insomnia severity was associated with poor sleep hygiene behaviors [β = 0.11, 95% CI (0.07–0.14)]; dysfunctional beliefs about sleep [β = 0.09, 95% CI (0.08–0.11)]; self-reported mental disorder [β = 2.51, 95% CI (1.8–3.1)]; anxiety [β = 0.33, 95% CI (0.25–0.42)]; and depression [β = 0.24, 95% CI (0.16–0.32)] symptoms.Conclusion: An alarming high prevalence of clinical insomnia was observed. Results suggest that clinical attention should be devoted to problems of insomnia in the Italian population with respect to both prevention and treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:02:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-265bdb378466438d86ed59cd04e10955 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:02:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-265bdb378466438d86ed59cd04e109552022-12-21T22:33:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402020-12-011110.3389/fpsyt.2020.579107579107Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and AnxietyValeria Bacaro0Valeria Bacaro1Marco Chiabudini2Carlo Buonanno3Paola De Bartolo4Paola De Bartolo5Dieter Riemann6Francesco Mancini7Francesco Mancini8Chiara Baglioni9Chiara Baglioni10Chiara Baglioni11Human Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, ItalySchool of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Association of Cognitive Psychology, Rome, ItalySchool of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Association of Cognitive Psychology, Rome, ItalySchool of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Association of Cognitive Psychology, Rome, ItalyHuman Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, ItalyLab of Experimental Psychophysiology, IRCCS S. Lucia, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology/Sleep, Medicine, Centre for Mental Disorders, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, GermanyHuman Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, ItalySchool of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Association of Cognitive Psychology, Rome, ItalyHuman Sciences Department, University of Rome Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, ItalySchool of Cognitive Psychotherapy, Association of Cognitive Psychology, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology/Sleep, Medicine, Centre for Mental Disorders, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, GermanyObjectives: One of the largest clusters of Covid-19 infections was observed in Italy. The population was forced to home confinement, exposing individuals to increased risk for insomnia, which is, in turn, associated with depression and anxiety. Through a cross-sectional online survey targeting all Italian adult population (≥18 yrs), insomnia prevalence and its interactions with relevant factors were investigated.Methods: The survey was distributed from 1st April to 4th May 2020. We collected information on insomnia severity, depression, anxiety, sleep hygiene behaviors, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, circadian preference, emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility, perceived stress, health habits, self-report of mental disorders, and variables related to individual difference in life changes due to the pandemic's outbreak.Results: The final sample comprised 1,989 persons (38.4 ± 12.8 yrs). Prevalence of clinical insomnia was 18.6%. Results from multivariable linear regression showed that insomnia severity was associated with poor sleep hygiene behaviors [β = 0.11, 95% CI (0.07–0.14)]; dysfunctional beliefs about sleep [β = 0.09, 95% CI (0.08–0.11)]; self-reported mental disorder [β = 2.51, 95% CI (1.8–3.1)]; anxiety [β = 0.33, 95% CI (0.25–0.42)]; and depression [β = 0.24, 95% CI (0.16–0.32)] symptoms.Conclusion: An alarming high prevalence of clinical insomnia was observed. Results suggest that clinical attention should be devoted to problems of insomnia in the Italian population with respect to both prevention and treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579107/fullinsomniasleepItalianCOVID-19home confinementdepression |
| spellingShingle | Valeria Bacaro Valeria Bacaro Marco Chiabudini Carlo Buonanno Paola De Bartolo Paola De Bartolo Dieter Riemann Francesco Mancini Francesco Mancini Chiara Baglioni Chiara Baglioni Chiara Baglioni Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety Frontiers in Psychiatry insomnia sleep Italian COVID-19 home confinement depression |
| title | Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety |
| title_full | Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety |
| title_fullStr | Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety |
| title_short | Insomnia in the Italian Population During Covid-19 Outbreak: A Snapshot on One Major Risk Factor for Depression and Anxiety |
| title_sort | insomnia in the italian population during covid 19 outbreak a snapshot on one major risk factor for depression and anxiety |
| topic | insomnia sleep Italian COVID-19 home confinement depression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579107/full |
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