Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a debilitating disorder with apparent roots in abnormal brain development. Here, we quantified the level of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD using structural neuroimaging and a recently developed machine learning algorithm. More spe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019546/full |
| _version_ | 1811213042862522368 |
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| author | Florian Kurth Jennifer G. Levitt Christian Gaser Christian Gaser Jeffry Alger Sandra K. Loo Sandra K. Loo Katherine L. Narr Katherine L. Narr Joseph O’Neill Joseph O’Neill Eileen Luders Eileen Luders Eileen Luders |
| author_facet | Florian Kurth Jennifer G. Levitt Christian Gaser Christian Gaser Jeffry Alger Sandra K. Loo Sandra K. Loo Katherine L. Narr Katherine L. Narr Joseph O’Neill Joseph O’Neill Eileen Luders Eileen Luders Eileen Luders |
| author_sort | Florian Kurth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a debilitating disorder with apparent roots in abnormal brain development. Here, we quantified the level of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD using structural neuroimaging and a recently developed machine learning algorithm. More specifically, we compared the BrainAGE index between three groups matched for chronological age (mean ± SD: 11.86 ± 3.25 years): 89 children diagnosed with ADHD, 34 asymptomatic siblings of those children with ADHD, and 21 unrelated healthy control children. Brains of children with ADHD were estimated significantly younger (−0.85 years) than brains of healthy controls (Cohen’s d = −0.33; p = 0.028, one-tailed), while there were no significant differences between unaffected siblings and healthy controls. In addition, more severe ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with younger appearing brains. Altogether, these results are in line with the proposed delay of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD. However, given the relatively small sample size (N = 144), the findings should be considered preliminary and need to be confirmed in future studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:40:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-265f0c585d1a426091d3b8c305d4f313 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:40:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-265f0c585d1a426091d3b8c305d4f3132022-12-22T03:45:40ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402022-12-011310.3389/fpsyt.2022.10195461019546Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderFlorian Kurth0Jennifer G. Levitt1Christian Gaser2Christian Gaser3Jeffry Alger4Sandra K. Loo5Sandra K. Loo6Katherine L. Narr7Katherine L. Narr8Joseph O’Neill9Joseph O’Neill10Eileen Luders11Eileen Luders12Eileen Luders13School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandDivision of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDivision of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesBrain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesBrain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDivision of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesBrain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesSchool of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandLaboratory of Neuro Imaging, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesDepartment of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a debilitating disorder with apparent roots in abnormal brain development. Here, we quantified the level of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD using structural neuroimaging and a recently developed machine learning algorithm. More specifically, we compared the BrainAGE index between three groups matched for chronological age (mean ± SD: 11.86 ± 3.25 years): 89 children diagnosed with ADHD, 34 asymptomatic siblings of those children with ADHD, and 21 unrelated healthy control children. Brains of children with ADHD were estimated significantly younger (−0.85 years) than brains of healthy controls (Cohen’s d = −0.33; p = 0.028, one-tailed), while there were no significant differences between unaffected siblings and healthy controls. In addition, more severe ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with younger appearing brains. Altogether, these results are in line with the proposed delay of individual brain maturation in children with ADHD. However, given the relatively small sample size (N = 144), the findings should be considered preliminary and need to be confirmed in future studies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019546/fullADHDbrainBrainAGEdevelopmentmachine learningrelevance vector |
| spellingShingle | Florian Kurth Jennifer G. Levitt Christian Gaser Christian Gaser Jeffry Alger Sandra K. Loo Sandra K. Loo Katherine L. Narr Katherine L. Narr Joseph O’Neill Joseph O’Neill Eileen Luders Eileen Luders Eileen Luders Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Frontiers in Psychiatry ADHD brain BrainAGE development machine learning relevance vector |
| title | Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_full | Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_short | Preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| title_sort | preliminary evidence for a lower brain age in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| topic | ADHD brain BrainAGE development machine learning relevance vector |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1019546/full |
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