Importance of angle corection in transcranial color-coded duplex insonation of arteries at the base of the brain
Background/Aim. Transcranial color-coded duplex (TCCD) sonography allows visualization of the vessels being examined and measurement of the angle of insonation. The published literature suggests that blood vessels are insonated at the angle lower than 30 degrees, hence no correction for the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Military Health Department, Ministry of Defance, Serbia
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Vojnosanitetski Pregled |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2015/0042-84501500009L.pdf |
| Summary: | Background/Aim. Transcranial color-coded duplex (TCCD) sonography allows
visualization of the vessels being examined and measurement of the angle of
insonation. The published literature suggests that blood vessels are
insonated at the angle lower than 30 degrees, hence no correction for the
angle is necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the availability
of intracranial blood vessels for insonation, and the percentage of arteries
and their segments which can be insonated at the angles lower than 30
degrees. Methods. The study included 120 patients (mean age 51). For each of
the segments the angle of insonation was registered based on TCCD
vizualization, and hemodynamic parameters were measured. The angle of
insonation was measured using combined B-mode and color Doppler
vizualization, as the angle between the direction of the ultrasound beam and
the axis of the shown arterial segment. Results. The total success rate of
insonation was 86.33% (1,554 out of 1,800). The mean angle of insonation
value in all the examined arterial segments was 42 degrees. The insonation
angle was higher than 30 degrees in about three quarters of the examined
segments, especially in the A2 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (98%),
the P1 segmet of the posterior cerebral artery (87%) and in the terminal
internal carotid artery (83%). The A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery
showed the best insonation conditions with the angle of insonation lower than
30 degrees in 53% of the cases. Conclusion. The presented results of angles
of insonation measurements for the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral
arteries and their segments, as well as the terminal portion of the internal
carotid artery clearly indicate that their average values in tested segments
were very often higher than 30 degrees, which can cause an error in blood
flow velocity measurement that cannot be ignored. The results confirm the
necessity of correcting flow velocity values on the basis of the angle of
insonation in TCCD sonography. |
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| ISSN: | 0042-8450 2406-0720 |