ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Persons with non-O and Rh-positive blood types are purported to be more susceptible to infection, including SARS-CoV-2, but there remains uncertainty about the degree to which this is so for both non-viral and viral infections. Methods We systematically reviewed Embase and PubMed...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08792-x |
| _version_ | 1797577867795628032 |
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| author | Emily Ana Butler Rushil Parikh Sonia M. Grandi Joel G. Ray Eyal Cohen |
| author_facet | Emily Ana Butler Rushil Parikh Sonia M. Grandi Joel G. Ray Eyal Cohen |
| author_sort | Emily Ana Butler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Persons with non-O and Rh-positive blood types are purported to be more susceptible to infection, including SARS-CoV-2, but there remains uncertainty about the degree to which this is so for both non-viral and viral infections. Methods We systematically reviewed Embase and PubMed from January 1st 1960 to May 31st 2022. English-language publications were selected that separately investigated the relation between ABO and/or Rh blood group and risk of SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pooled odds ratios (ORp) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were then generated for each. Results Non-O blood groups had a higher ORp for SARS-CoV-2 than O blood groups, both within 22 case–control studies (2.13, 95% CI 1.49- 3.04) and 15 cohort studies (1.89, 95% CI 1.56- 2.29). For non-SARS-CoV-2 viral infections, the respective ORp were 1.98 (95% CI 1.49–2.65; 4 case–control studies) and 1.87 (95% CI 1.53–2.29; 12 cohort studies). For non-viral infections, the ORp were 1.56 (95% CI 0.98–2.46; 13 case–control studies) and 2.11 (95% CI 1.67–6.67; 4 cohort studies). Rh-positive status had a higher ORp for SARS-CoV-2 infection within 6 case–control studies (13.83, 95% CI 6.18–30.96) and 6 cohort studies (19.04, 95% CI 11.63–31.17), compared to Rh-negative persons. For Rh status, non-SARS-CoV-2 infections, the ORp were 23.45 (95% CI 16.28–33.76) among 7 case–control studies, and 9.25 (95% CI 2.72–31.48) within 4 cohort studies. High measures of heterogeneity were notably observed for all analyses. Conclusions Non-O and Rh-positive blood status are each associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in addition to other viral and non-viral infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:14:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2662cba6576a48c49580ab3f65238977 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:14:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-2662cba6576a48c49580ab3f652389772023-11-19T12:29:10ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342023-11-012311910.1186/s12879-023-08792-xABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysisEmily Ana Butler0Rushil Parikh1Sonia M. Grandi2Joel G. Ray3Eyal Cohen4Institute of Medical Sciences, University of TorontoDepartment of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier UniversityChild Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenInstitute of Medical Sciences, University of TorontoInstitute of Medical Sciences, University of TorontoAbstract Background Persons with non-O and Rh-positive blood types are purported to be more susceptible to infection, including SARS-CoV-2, but there remains uncertainty about the degree to which this is so for both non-viral and viral infections. Methods We systematically reviewed Embase and PubMed from January 1st 1960 to May 31st 2022. English-language publications were selected that separately investigated the relation between ABO and/or Rh blood group and risk of SARS-CoV-2 and non-SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pooled odds ratios (ORp) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were then generated for each. Results Non-O blood groups had a higher ORp for SARS-CoV-2 than O blood groups, both within 22 case–control studies (2.13, 95% CI 1.49- 3.04) and 15 cohort studies (1.89, 95% CI 1.56- 2.29). For non-SARS-CoV-2 viral infections, the respective ORp were 1.98 (95% CI 1.49–2.65; 4 case–control studies) and 1.87 (95% CI 1.53–2.29; 12 cohort studies). For non-viral infections, the ORp were 1.56 (95% CI 0.98–2.46; 13 case–control studies) and 2.11 (95% CI 1.67–6.67; 4 cohort studies). Rh-positive status had a higher ORp for SARS-CoV-2 infection within 6 case–control studies (13.83, 95% CI 6.18–30.96) and 6 cohort studies (19.04, 95% CI 11.63–31.17), compared to Rh-negative persons. For Rh status, non-SARS-CoV-2 infections, the ORp were 23.45 (95% CI 16.28–33.76) among 7 case–control studies, and 9.25 (95% CI 2.72–31.48) within 4 cohort studies. High measures of heterogeneity were notably observed for all analyses. Conclusions Non-O and Rh-positive blood status are each associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in addition to other viral and non-viral infections.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08792-xABORh(D)InfectionSARS-CoV-2Meta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Emily Ana Butler Rushil Parikh Sonia M. Grandi Joel G. Ray Eyal Cohen ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Infectious Diseases ABO Rh(D) Infection SARS-CoV-2 Meta-analysis |
| title | ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | ABO and Rh blood groups and risk of infection: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | abo and rh blood groups and risk of infection systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | ABO Rh(D) Infection SARS-CoV-2 Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08792-x |
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