Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater
Water shortages around the world have intensified the search for substitute sources. Greywater can serve as a solution for water requirements. Compared to two-dimensional electrochemical processes for water treatment, the addition of particle activated carbon enhances the conductivity and mass trans...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/5/514 |
| _version_ | 1797497969944035328 |
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| author | Weiyang Li Wei Wang Peng Zhang |
| author_facet | Weiyang Li Wei Wang Peng Zhang |
| author_sort | Weiyang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Water shortages around the world have intensified the search for substitute sources. Greywater can serve as a solution for water requirements. Compared to two-dimensional electrochemical processes for water treatment, the addition of particle activated carbon enhances the conductivity and mass transfer or the adsorption of pollutants in a three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical process. The large specific surface areas of these particles can provide more reactive sites, resulting in a higher removal efficiency. In this study, the treatment of greywater by the electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) method was carried out in a 3D electrolytic reactor. The effects of the operating conditions, such as electrode spacing, applied voltage, treatment time, and activated carbon loading, on the efficacy of the E-Fenton process were investigated, and the corresponding optimum conditions were found to be 7 cm, 9 V, 2 h, and 10 g. The results showed that COD<sub>Cr</sub> removal of greywater treated using the 3D electrochemical process was 85%. With the help of the Box–Behnken experiment design and the response surface methodology, the parameters were optimized to determine the optimal conditions. The results of the response surface analysis were consistent with the experimental results. The above findings illustrate that the proposed three-phase 3D electrochemical process is feasible for the efficient treatment of greywater. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2663d173d7b34c109f1dcc3b851f8a5f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-2663d173d7b34c109f1dcc3b851f8a5f2023-11-23T12:05:54ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752022-05-0112551410.3390/membranes12050514Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of GreywaterWeiyang Li0Wei Wang1Peng Zhang2State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, ChinaJiangsu Longmem Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Changzhou 213000, ChinaWater shortages around the world have intensified the search for substitute sources. Greywater can serve as a solution for water requirements. Compared to two-dimensional electrochemical processes for water treatment, the addition of particle activated carbon enhances the conductivity and mass transfer or the adsorption of pollutants in a three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical process. The large specific surface areas of these particles can provide more reactive sites, resulting in a higher removal efficiency. In this study, the treatment of greywater by the electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) method was carried out in a 3D electrolytic reactor. The effects of the operating conditions, such as electrode spacing, applied voltage, treatment time, and activated carbon loading, on the efficacy of the E-Fenton process were investigated, and the corresponding optimum conditions were found to be 7 cm, 9 V, 2 h, and 10 g. The results showed that COD<sub>Cr</sub> removal of greywater treated using the 3D electrochemical process was 85%. With the help of the Box–Behnken experiment design and the response surface methodology, the parameters were optimized to determine the optimal conditions. The results of the response surface analysis were consistent with the experimental results. The above findings illustrate that the proposed three-phase 3D electrochemical process is feasible for the efficient treatment of greywater.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/5/514three-dimensional electrodeCOD<sub>Cr</sub>greywaterresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Weiyang Li Wei Wang Peng Zhang Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater Membranes three-dimensional electrode COD<sub>Cr</sub> greywater response surface methodology |
| title | Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater |
| title_full | Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater |
| title_fullStr | Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater |
| title_full_unstemmed | Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater |
| title_short | Three-Phase Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for Efficient Treatment of Greywater |
| title_sort | three phase three dimensional electrochemical process for efficient treatment of greywater |
| topic | three-dimensional electrode COD<sub>Cr</sub> greywater response surface methodology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/5/514 |
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