| Summary: | Cotton is an important commercial crop whose growth and yield are severely affected by drought. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is widely involved in the plant stress response and growth regulation; however, the role of the S-adenosylmethionine synthase (<i>SAMS</i>) gene family in this process is poorly understood. Here, we systematically analyzed the expression of <i>SAMS</i> genes in Upland Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.). A total of 16 <i>SAMS</i> genes were identified, each with a similar predicted structure. A large number of cis-acting elements involved in the response to abiotic stress were predicted based on promoter analysis, indicating a likely important role in abiotic stress responses. The results of qRT-PCR validation showed that <i>GhSAMS</i> genes had different expression patterns after drought stress and in response to drought stress. Analysis of a selected subset of <i>GhSAMS</i> genes showed increased expression in cultivar Xinluzhong 39 (drought resistant) when compared to cultivar Xinluzao 26 (drought-sensitive) upland cotton. This study provides important relevant information for further study of <i>SAMS</i> genes in drought resistance research of upland cotton, which is helpful for drought-resistance improvement of upland cotton.
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