Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks
Changes in prefrontal cortex are thought to be responsible for many of the characteristic behavioral changes that are seen during adolescence and late adulthood. Disruption of prefrontal cortex is an early sign for many developmental, neurological, and psychiatric disorders. Goal directed eye moveme...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02519/full |
| _version_ | 1811219815678869504 |
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| author | Elijah K. Li Elijah K. Li Shannon Lee Shannon Lee Shannon Lee Saumil S. Patel Anne B. Sereno Anne B. Sereno Anne B. Sereno |
| author_facet | Elijah K. Li Elijah K. Li Shannon Lee Shannon Lee Shannon Lee Saumil S. Patel Anne B. Sereno Anne B. Sereno Anne B. Sereno |
| author_sort | Elijah K. Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Changes in prefrontal cortex are thought to be responsible for many of the characteristic behavioral changes that are seen during adolescence and late adulthood. Disruption of prefrontal cortex is an early sign for many developmental, neurological, and psychiatric disorders. Goal directed eye movements, such as Anti-saccades, have been shown to have high sensitivity as a gross assessment of prefrontal lobe function. Previous studies on the developmental changes of saccades across age have shown that stimulus-driven and goal-directed eye movements follow a U-shaped trend with peaks in performance occuring during adolescence. Using novel tablet-based pointing tasks, modeled on eye movement tests, this study aims to provide a preliminary understanding of how age affects manual pointing performance, in order to more easily track behavioral changes of the prefrontal cortex. In this study, 82 participants between the ages of 10 and 63 were recruited to participate. Results show that similarly to saccades, manual pointing responses are age dependent with fastest response times found during late adolescence to early adulthood (U-shaped curves). Importantly, we also demonstrated significant differences in the effect of age in stimulus-driven (Pro-point) and goal-directed (Anti-point) pointing tasks. The effect of age on response time (RT) is greater on Anti-point compared to Pro-point task (with a 79 ms greater mean decrease during early development and a 148 ms greater mean increase during later aging). Further, for Pro-point task, the U-shaped curve flattens at about 45 years whereas for Anti-point task the U-shaped curve continues up to the maximum age tested (about 60 years). This dissociation between age-related changes in sensorimotor and cognitive performance suggests independent development of associated brain circuity. Thus, changes of performance in disease that are specific for age and task may be able to help identify brain circuitry involved. Finally, given that these tablet-based pointing tasks show similar age-related patterns reported previously with eye-tracking technology, our findings suggest that such tablet-based tasks may provide an inexpensive, quick, and more practical way of detecting neurological deficits or tracking cognitive changes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:32:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-269a4ab050dd4356b180c402106d49e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:32:11Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-269a4ab050dd4356b180c402106d49e72022-12-22T03:42:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782018-12-01910.3389/fpsyg.2018.02519417946Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point TasksElijah K. Li0Elijah K. Li1Shannon Lee2Shannon Lee3Shannon Lee4Saumil S. Patel5Anne B. Sereno6Anne B. Sereno7Anne B. Sereno8Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United StatesSchool of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United StatesDepartment of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United StatesChanges in prefrontal cortex are thought to be responsible for many of the characteristic behavioral changes that are seen during adolescence and late adulthood. Disruption of prefrontal cortex is an early sign for many developmental, neurological, and psychiatric disorders. Goal directed eye movements, such as Anti-saccades, have been shown to have high sensitivity as a gross assessment of prefrontal lobe function. Previous studies on the developmental changes of saccades across age have shown that stimulus-driven and goal-directed eye movements follow a U-shaped trend with peaks in performance occuring during adolescence. Using novel tablet-based pointing tasks, modeled on eye movement tests, this study aims to provide a preliminary understanding of how age affects manual pointing performance, in order to more easily track behavioral changes of the prefrontal cortex. In this study, 82 participants between the ages of 10 and 63 were recruited to participate. Results show that similarly to saccades, manual pointing responses are age dependent with fastest response times found during late adolescence to early adulthood (U-shaped curves). Importantly, we also demonstrated significant differences in the effect of age in stimulus-driven (Pro-point) and goal-directed (Anti-point) pointing tasks. The effect of age on response time (RT) is greater on Anti-point compared to Pro-point task (with a 79 ms greater mean decrease during early development and a 148 ms greater mean increase during later aging). Further, for Pro-point task, the U-shaped curve flattens at about 45 years whereas for Anti-point task the U-shaped curve continues up to the maximum age tested (about 60 years). This dissociation between age-related changes in sensorimotor and cognitive performance suggests independent development of associated brain circuity. Thus, changes of performance in disease that are specific for age and task may be able to help identify brain circuitry involved. Finally, given that these tablet-based pointing tasks show similar age-related patterns reported previously with eye-tracking technology, our findings suggest that such tablet-based tasks may provide an inexpensive, quick, and more practical way of detecting neurological deficits or tracking cognitive changes.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02519/fullcognitive developmentsaccadescognitive controlsensorimotor controlprefrontal cortex |
| spellingShingle | Elijah K. Li Elijah K. Li Shannon Lee Shannon Lee Shannon Lee Saumil S. Patel Anne B. Sereno Anne B. Sereno Anne B. Sereno Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks Frontiers in Psychology cognitive development saccades cognitive control sensorimotor control prefrontal cortex |
| title | Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks |
| title_full | Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks |
| title_fullStr | Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks |
| title_short | Age-Dependent Performance on Pro-point and Anti-point Tasks |
| title_sort | age dependent performance on pro point and anti point tasks |
| topic | cognitive development saccades cognitive control sensorimotor control prefrontal cortex |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02519/full |
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