DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion
The ability of bacteria to adhere to and form biofilms on implant surfaces is the primary cause of implant failure. Implant-associated infections are difficult to treat, as the biofilm mode of growth protects microorganisms from the host’s immune response and antibiotics. Therefore, modifications of...
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/16/4596 |
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| author | Omar Abdelaziz Ouni Guruprakash Subbiahdoss Andrea Scheberl Erik Reimhult |
| author_facet | Omar Abdelaziz Ouni Guruprakash Subbiahdoss Andrea Scheberl Erik Reimhult |
| author_sort | Omar Abdelaziz Ouni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ability of bacteria to adhere to and form biofilms on implant surfaces is the primary cause of implant failure. Implant-associated infections are difficult to treat, as the biofilm mode of growth protects microorganisms from the host’s immune response and antibiotics. Therefore, modifications of implant surfaces that can prevent or delay bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation are highly desired. In addition, the attachment and spreading of bone cells are required for successful tissue integration in orthopedic and dental applications. We propose that polyanionic DNA with a negatively charged phosphate backbone could provide a dual function to repel bacterial adhesion and support host tissue cell attachment. To this end, we developed polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings using chitosan (CS) and DNA on biomaterial surfaces via a layer-by-layer technique. The assembly of these coatings was characterized. Further, we evaluated staphylococcal adhesion and biofilm growth on the coatings as well as cytotoxicity for osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2 cells), and we correlated these to the layer structure. The CS-DNA multilayer coatings impaired the biofilm formation of <i>Staphylococcus</i> by ~90% on both PMMA and titanium surfaces. The presence of cationic CS as the top layer did not hinder the bacteria-repelling property of the DNA in the coating. The CS-DNA multilayer coatings demonstrated no cytotoxic effect on SaOS-2 cells. Thus, DNA polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings could reduce infection risk while promoting host tissue cell attachment on medical implants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:37:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26b62e7abd1a40ad92e5f20222c8e92f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:37:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-26b62e7abd1a40ad92e5f20222c8e92f2023-11-22T08:30:03ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-08-011416459610.3390/ma14164596DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell AdhesionOmar Abdelaziz Ouni0Guruprakash Subbiahdoss1Andrea Scheberl2Erik Reimhult3Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), 1190 Vienna, AustriaThe ability of bacteria to adhere to and form biofilms on implant surfaces is the primary cause of implant failure. Implant-associated infections are difficult to treat, as the biofilm mode of growth protects microorganisms from the host’s immune response and antibiotics. Therefore, modifications of implant surfaces that can prevent or delay bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation are highly desired. In addition, the attachment and spreading of bone cells are required for successful tissue integration in orthopedic and dental applications. We propose that polyanionic DNA with a negatively charged phosphate backbone could provide a dual function to repel bacterial adhesion and support host tissue cell attachment. To this end, we developed polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings using chitosan (CS) and DNA on biomaterial surfaces via a layer-by-layer technique. The assembly of these coatings was characterized. Further, we evaluated staphylococcal adhesion and biofilm growth on the coatings as well as cytotoxicity for osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2 cells), and we correlated these to the layer structure. The CS-DNA multilayer coatings impaired the biofilm formation of <i>Staphylococcus</i> by ~90% on both PMMA and titanium surfaces. The presence of cationic CS as the top layer did not hinder the bacteria-repelling property of the DNA in the coating. The CS-DNA multilayer coatings demonstrated no cytotoxic effect on SaOS-2 cells. Thus, DNA polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings could reduce infection risk while promoting host tissue cell attachment on medical implants.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/16/4596implantsDNAchitosanantifoulingosteoblasts<i>Staphylococcus</i> |
| spellingShingle | Omar Abdelaziz Ouni Guruprakash Subbiahdoss Andrea Scheberl Erik Reimhult DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion Materials implants DNA chitosan antifouling osteoblasts <i>Staphylococcus</i> |
| title | DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion |
| title_full | DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion |
| title_fullStr | DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion |
| title_full_unstemmed | DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion |
| title_short | DNA Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coatings Are Antifouling and Promote Mammalian Cell Adhesion |
| title_sort | dna polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings are antifouling and promote mammalian cell adhesion |
| topic | implants DNA chitosan antifouling osteoblasts <i>Staphylococcus</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/16/4596 |
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