Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology
<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is recognized as a clinically significant pathogen causing a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections. Colistin was considered a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i>. Since the re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/3/516 |
| _version_ | 1797613834686431232 |
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| author | Katarina Novović Branko Jovčić |
| author_facet | Katarina Novović Branko Jovčić |
| author_sort | Katarina Novović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is recognized as a clinically significant pathogen causing a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections. Colistin was considered a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i>. Since the reintroduction of colistin, a number of mechanisms of colistin resistance in <i>A. baumannii</i> have been reported, including complete loss of LPS by inactivation of the biosynthetic pathway, modifications of target LPS driven by the addition of phosphoethanolamine (PEtN) moieties to lipid A mediated by the chromosomal <i>pmrCAB</i> operon and <i>eptA</i> gene-encoded enzymes or plasmid-encoded <i>mcr</i> genes and efflux of colistin from the cell. In addition to resistance to colistin, widespread heteroresistance is another feature of <i>A. baumannii</i> that leads to colistin treatment failure. This review aims to present a critical assessment of relevant published (>50 experimental papers) up-to-date knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in <i>A. baumannii</i> with a detailed review of implicated mutations and the global distribution of colistin-resistant strains. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:01:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26caa8040470475a95363d2bebc096f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:01:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-26caa8040470475a95363d2bebc096f42023-11-17T09:14:06ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-03-0112351610.3390/antibiotics12030516Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and EpidemiologyKatarina Novović0Branko Jovčić1Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is recognized as a clinically significant pathogen causing a wide spectrum of nosocomial infections. Colistin was considered a last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant <i>A. baumannii</i>. Since the reintroduction of colistin, a number of mechanisms of colistin resistance in <i>A. baumannii</i> have been reported, including complete loss of LPS by inactivation of the biosynthetic pathway, modifications of target LPS driven by the addition of phosphoethanolamine (PEtN) moieties to lipid A mediated by the chromosomal <i>pmrCAB</i> operon and <i>eptA</i> gene-encoded enzymes or plasmid-encoded <i>mcr</i> genes and efflux of colistin from the cell. In addition to resistance to colistin, widespread heteroresistance is another feature of <i>A. baumannii</i> that leads to colistin treatment failure. This review aims to present a critical assessment of relevant published (>50 experimental papers) up-to-date knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in <i>A. baumannii</i> with a detailed review of implicated mutations and the global distribution of colistin-resistant strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/3/516<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>colistin resistance<i>lpx</i><i>pmr</i><i>mcr</i>LPS |
| spellingShingle | Katarina Novović Branko Jovčić Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology Antibiotics <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> colistin resistance <i>lpx</i> <i>pmr</i> <i>mcr</i> LPS |
| title | Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology |
| title_full | Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology |
| title_fullStr | Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology |
| title_short | Colistin Resistance in <i>Acinetobacter baumannii:</i> Molecular Mechanisms and Epidemiology |
| title_sort | colistin resistance in i acinetobacter baumannii i molecular mechanisms and epidemiology |
| topic | <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> colistin resistance <i>lpx</i> <i>pmr</i> <i>mcr</i> LPS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/3/516 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT katarinanovovic colistinresistanceiniacinetobacterbaumanniiimolecularmechanismsandepidemiology AT brankojovcic colistinresistanceiniacinetobacterbaumanniiimolecularmechanismsandepidemiology |