Gender-based differences in COVID-19
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel emerging infectious disease spreading worldwide. To further understand the disease, we compared its clinical characteristics, symptoms and outcomes by gender. In an analysis of public surveillance data of Taiwan from January 21 to April 18, 2020, a total...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | New Microbes and New Infections |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S205229752100069X |
| _version_ | 1818354478215069696 |
|---|---|
| author | Y.-J. Su K.-C. Kuo T.-W. Wang C.-W. Chang |
| author_facet | Y.-J. Su K.-C. Kuo T.-W. Wang C.-W. Chang |
| author_sort | Y.-J. Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel emerging infectious disease spreading worldwide. To further understand the disease, we compared its clinical characteristics, symptoms and outcomes by gender. In an analysis of public surveillance data of Taiwan from January 21 to April 18, 2020, a total of 398 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 by the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in pharynx swabs. We divided the patients into two groups: men and women. The associated data were collected, and multivariate comparisons of radiographic infiltration were conducted to analyse the gender-based differences. The mean incubation period was 5.4 ± 5 days, and the incubation period in men was 3.2 days longer than that in women (8 ± 8.1 vs. 4.8 ± 3, p = 0.05). The male patients with COVID-19 with infiltration in chest X-rays (CXR) were 12 years older than their female counterparts. The mortality rate in the male patients with COVID-19 was 6.4-fold higher than that in the female patients (3.2% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.05). The patients with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were vulnerable to infiltration in CXR and the patients with COVID-19 who had infiltration in CXR easily ended up with intubation, intensive care unit admission and mortality. Moreover, female patients with COVID-19 who had fever, cough and dyspnoea were susceptible to infiltration in CXR. Irrespective of whether the cases were imported female from Europe, America or Asia, indigenous male, the factors associated with death in patients with severe COVID-19 were male sex, elderly, female with fever, cough, dyspnoea and DM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T19:26:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26d47815ab8b44d8be1619e0cf9b523d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2052-2975 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T19:26:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Microbes and New Infections |
| spelling | doaj.art-26d47815ab8b44d8be1619e0cf9b523d2022-12-21T23:34:02ZengElsevierNew Microbes and New Infections2052-29752021-07-0142100905Gender-based differences in COVID-19Y.-J. Su0K.-C. Kuo1T.-W. Wang2C.-W. Chang3Department of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Poison Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan; Corresponding author: Y.-J. Su, No. 92, Sec 2, North Chung Shan Rd, Taipei, 10449, TaiwanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanDepartment of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, TaiwanThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a novel emerging infectious disease spreading worldwide. To further understand the disease, we compared its clinical characteristics, symptoms and outcomes by gender. In an analysis of public surveillance data of Taiwan from January 21 to April 18, 2020, a total of 398 patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 by the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in pharynx swabs. We divided the patients into two groups: men and women. The associated data were collected, and multivariate comparisons of radiographic infiltration were conducted to analyse the gender-based differences. The mean incubation period was 5.4 ± 5 days, and the incubation period in men was 3.2 days longer than that in women (8 ± 8.1 vs. 4.8 ± 3, p = 0.05). The male patients with COVID-19 with infiltration in chest X-rays (CXR) were 12 years older than their female counterparts. The mortality rate in the male patients with COVID-19 was 6.4-fold higher than that in the female patients (3.2% vs. 0.5%, p < 0.05). The patients with comorbidities of diabetes mellitus and hypertension were vulnerable to infiltration in CXR and the patients with COVID-19 who had infiltration in CXR easily ended up with intubation, intensive care unit admission and mortality. Moreover, female patients with COVID-19 who had fever, cough and dyspnoea were susceptible to infiltration in CXR. Irrespective of whether the cases were imported female from Europe, America or Asia, indigenous male, the factors associated with death in patients with severe COVID-19 were male sex, elderly, female with fever, cough, dyspnoea and DM.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S205229752100069XCOVID-19genderimportedindigenousoutcome |
| spellingShingle | Y.-J. Su K.-C. Kuo T.-W. Wang C.-W. Chang Gender-based differences in COVID-19 New Microbes and New Infections COVID-19 gender imported indigenous outcome |
| title | Gender-based differences in COVID-19 |
| title_full | Gender-based differences in COVID-19 |
| title_fullStr | Gender-based differences in COVID-19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gender-based differences in COVID-19 |
| title_short | Gender-based differences in COVID-19 |
| title_sort | gender based differences in covid 19 |
| topic | COVID-19 gender imported indigenous outcome |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S205229752100069X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yjsu genderbaseddifferencesincovid19 AT kckuo genderbaseddifferencesincovid19 AT twwang genderbaseddifferencesincovid19 AT cwchang genderbaseddifferencesincovid19 |