Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample
More than 6,000,000 people have died due to the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. This disease spread quickly due to its highly contagious nature. The SARS‐CoV‐2 virus that causes the disease can be transmitted through saliva droplets secreted by infected people at a distance of less than 1 m. As a r...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijbiotech/article/view/72269 |
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| author | Siti Soidah Toto Subroto Sari Syahruni Fauzian Giansyah Henry Chandra Dhiya Salsabila Bachti Alisjahbana Nisa Fauziah Hesti Lina Wiraswati Leonardus Wiydatmoko Basti Andriyoko Anita Yuwita Muhammad Yusuf |
| author_facet | Siti Soidah Toto Subroto Sari Syahruni Fauzian Giansyah Henry Chandra Dhiya Salsabila Bachti Alisjahbana Nisa Fauziah Hesti Lina Wiraswati Leonardus Wiydatmoko Basti Andriyoko Anita Yuwita Muhammad Yusuf |
| author_sort | Siti Soidah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | More than 6,000,000 people have died due to the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. This disease spread quickly due to its highly contagious nature. The SARS‐CoV‐2 virus that causes the disease can be transmitted through saliva droplets secreted by infected people at a distance of less than 1 m. As a result, saliva has been accepted as an alternative specimen for COVID‐19 detection by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Furthermore, WHO recommended the use of rapid antigen tests based on lateral flow immunoassay when reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) is not available. We developed a saliva‐based rapid antigen test by optimizing the antibody concentration and optimum pH for the conjugation of antibody and gold nanoparticles. We found that the best running buffer formulation consisted of 75 mM sodium phosphate buffer, 1% NaCl, 1% Triton X‐100, 0.5% N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine, and 0.02% sodium azide. The addition of a mucolytic agent in the buffer can reduce the viscosity of saliva, thus improving sensitivity. The rapid test developed detected the lowest concentration of nucleocapsid protein at 0.1 μg/mL. Our study revealed 100% specificity against negative COVID‐19 saliva and no cross‐reaction with avian influenza virus hemagglutinin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:05:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26d94e723e09405f82e4a1225196b1fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0853-8654 2089-2241 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T17:05:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-26d94e723e09405f82e4a1225196b1fb2023-02-06T03:00:18ZengUniversitas Gadjah Mada, YogyakartaIndonesian Journal of Biotechnology0853-86542089-22412022-09-0127315116210.22146/ijbiotech.7226932138Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sampleSiti Soidah0Toto Subroto1Sari Syahruni2Fauzian Giansyah3Henry Chandra4Dhiya Salsabila5Bachti Alisjahbana6Nisa Fauziah7Hesti Lina Wiraswati8Leonardus Wiydatmoko9Basti Andriyoko10Anita Yuwita11Muhammad Yusuf12Master of Biotechnology Program, School of Postgraduates, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Dipatiukur 35 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung‐Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia; Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Singaperbangsa 2 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaResearch Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl.Singaperbangsa 2 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaResearch Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl.Singaperbangsa 2 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaResearch Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl.Singaperbangsa 2 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaResearch Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl.Singaperbangsa 2 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jl. Pasteur No.38 Bandung, West Java 40161, IndonesiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Parasitology Division, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung‐Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Parasitology Division, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung‐Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java 45363, IndonesiaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jl. Pasteur No.38 Bandung, West Java 40161, IndonesiaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Jl. Pasteur No.38 Bandung, West Java 40161, IndonesiaResearch and Development Division, PT. Pakar Biomedika, Jl. Rancabentang No.12B Ciumbuleuit, Bandung, West Java 40142, IndonesiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung‐Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia; Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Singaperbangsa 2 Bandung, West Java 40132, IndonesiaMore than 6,000,000 people have died due to the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. This disease spread quickly due to its highly contagious nature. The SARS‐CoV‐2 virus that causes the disease can be transmitted through saliva droplets secreted by infected people at a distance of less than 1 m. As a result, saliva has been accepted as an alternative specimen for COVID‐19 detection by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Furthermore, WHO recommended the use of rapid antigen tests based on lateral flow immunoassay when reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) is not available. We developed a saliva‐based rapid antigen test by optimizing the antibody concentration and optimum pH for the conjugation of antibody and gold nanoparticles. We found that the best running buffer formulation consisted of 75 mM sodium phosphate buffer, 1% NaCl, 1% Triton X‐100, 0.5% N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine, and 0.02% sodium azide. The addition of a mucolytic agent in the buffer can reduce the viscosity of saliva, thus improving sensitivity. The rapid test developed detected the lowest concentration of nucleocapsid protein at 0.1 μg/mL. Our study revealed 100% specificity against negative COVID‐19 saliva and no cross‐reaction with avian influenza virus hemagglutinin.https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijbiotech/article/view/72269lateral flow immunoassayrapid antigen testsalivasars‐cov‐2self‐test |
| spellingShingle | Siti Soidah Toto Subroto Sari Syahruni Fauzian Giansyah Henry Chandra Dhiya Salsabila Bachti Alisjahbana Nisa Fauziah Hesti Lina Wiraswati Leonardus Wiydatmoko Basti Andriyoko Anita Yuwita Muhammad Yusuf Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology lateral flow immunoassay rapid antigen test saliva sars‐cov‐2 self‐test |
| title | Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample |
| title_full | Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample |
| title_fullStr | Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample |
| title_short | Early development of self‐administered COVID‐19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample |
| title_sort | early development of self administered covid 19 rapid test based on nucleocapsid detection in saliva sample |
| topic | lateral flow immunoassay rapid antigen test saliva sars‐cov‐2 self‐test |
| url | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijbiotech/article/view/72269 |
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