Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study
Introduction Pregnancy in patients with autoimmune disorders is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is one of the most common among autoimmune diseases. Presently data regarding the impact of SS on obstetric outcomes are scarce and inconclusive. This study...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Termedia Publishing House
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Rheumatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://reu.termedia.pl/Sjogren-s-syndrome-and-pregnancy-a-Portuguese-case-control-study,155099,0,2.html |
| _version_ | 1797435096372871168 |
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| author | Tânia Barros Jorge Braga Maria Inês Abreu Mariana Brandão Fátima Farinha António Marinho António Braga |
| author_facet | Tânia Barros Jorge Braga Maria Inês Abreu Mariana Brandão Fátima Farinha António Marinho António Braga |
| author_sort | Tânia Barros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction
Pregnancy in patients with autoimmune disorders is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is one of the most common among autoimmune diseases. Presently data regarding the impact of SS on obstetric outcomes are scarce and inconclusive. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SS on maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes compared with pregnancy outcomes in the general population.
Material and methods
A retrospective case-control study included 26 pregnancies in SS patients and a healthy control group (CG), followed in a Portuguese tertiary center, between 2015 and 2020. Baseline maternal data were collected, and maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analysis used SPSS 25.0, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
All pregnancies occurred after the diagnosis of SS, with a mean exposure time between diagnosis and pregnancy of 4.92 ±2.78 years. In the SS group, the incidence of ANA, anti-Ro/SSA, and anti-La/SSB antibodies positivity was 80.8%, 61.5%, and 46.2%, respectively. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was used in 57.7%.
Miscarriage was significantly higher in the SS group (19.2% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.01). There was a higher prevalence of fetal growth restriction (OR 11.16, 95% CI: 0.96–129.26). Preterm delivery (9.5% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.503) and mean birth weight (2998.16 g vs. 3155.79 g, p = 0.178) did not differ significantly between the groups. In the SS group, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) rate was increased (OR 71.67, 95% CI: 3.78–1357.16). Three pregnancies were complicated by congenital heart block (CHB) (14.3% vs. 0%, p = 0.015). In all cases, the diagnosis was performed during second trimester of pregnancy, and betamethasone was administered.
Conclusions
Women with SS had a significantly higher incidence of miscarriage, admission to NICU, and CHB than controls. Congenital heart block was the most critical condition that affects the offspring of mothers with SS. Successful pregnancy in the study group was possible with prenatal monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:43:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26de31f042d746ae9f080979c740c5d3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0034-6233 2084-9834 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:43:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Termedia Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Rheumatology |
| spelling | doaj.art-26de31f042d746ae9f080979c740c5d32023-12-01T12:16:21ZengTermedia Publishing HouseRheumatology0034-62332084-98342022-11-0160531131710.5114/reum.2022.120754155099Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control studyTânia Barros0Jorge Braga1Maria Inês Abreu2Mariana Brandão3Fátima Farinha4António Marinho5António Braga6Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, PortugalMaternal Fetal Unit, Centro Materno Infantil Do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, PortugalInstituto Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, PortugalClinical Immunology Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, PortugalClinical Immunology Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, PortugalClinical Immunology Unit, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, PortugalMaternal Fetal Unit, Centro Materno Infantil Do Norte, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, PortugalIntroduction Pregnancy in patients with autoimmune disorders is associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is one of the most common among autoimmune diseases. Presently data regarding the impact of SS on obstetric outcomes are scarce and inconclusive. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SS on maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes compared with pregnancy outcomes in the general population. Material and methods A retrospective case-control study included 26 pregnancies in SS patients and a healthy control group (CG), followed in a Portuguese tertiary center, between 2015 and 2020. Baseline maternal data were collected, and maternal-fetal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analysis used SPSS 25.0, and a p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results All pregnancies occurred after the diagnosis of SS, with a mean exposure time between diagnosis and pregnancy of 4.92 ±2.78 years. In the SS group, the incidence of ANA, anti-Ro/SSA, and anti-La/SSB antibodies positivity was 80.8%, 61.5%, and 46.2%, respectively. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was used in 57.7%. Miscarriage was significantly higher in the SS group (19.2% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.01). There was a higher prevalence of fetal growth restriction (OR 11.16, 95% CI: 0.96–129.26). Preterm delivery (9.5% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.503) and mean birth weight (2998.16 g vs. 3155.79 g, p = 0.178) did not differ significantly between the groups. In the SS group, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) rate was increased (OR 71.67, 95% CI: 3.78–1357.16). Three pregnancies were complicated by congenital heart block (CHB) (14.3% vs. 0%, p = 0.015). In all cases, the diagnosis was performed during second trimester of pregnancy, and betamethasone was administered. Conclusions Women with SS had a significantly higher incidence of miscarriage, admission to NICU, and CHB than controls. Congenital heart block was the most critical condition that affects the offspring of mothers with SS. Successful pregnancy in the study group was possible with prenatal monitoring and a multidisciplinary approach.https://reu.termedia.pl/Sjogren-s-syndrome-and-pregnancy-a-Portuguese-case-control-study,155099,0,2.htmlsjögren’s syndromepregnancyautoimmune diseaseperinatal outcomes |
| spellingShingle | Tânia Barros Jorge Braga Maria Inês Abreu Mariana Brandão Fátima Farinha António Marinho António Braga Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study Rheumatology sjögren’s syndrome pregnancy autoimmune disease perinatal outcomes |
| title | Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study |
| title_full | Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study |
| title_fullStr | Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study |
| title_short | Sjögren’s syndrome and pregnancy: a Portuguese case-control study |
| title_sort | sjogren s syndrome and pregnancy a portuguese case control study |
| topic | sjögren’s syndrome pregnancy autoimmune disease perinatal outcomes |
| url | https://reu.termedia.pl/Sjogren-s-syndrome-and-pregnancy-a-Portuguese-case-control-study,155099,0,2.html |
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