Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens
Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (MDRAB) present a serious challenge because of their capability to cause biofilm resistance to commonly used antibiotics producing chronic infections and hindering...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/7/811 |
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| author | Riham A. El-Shiekh Mariam Hassan Rasha A. Hashem Essam Abdel-Sattar |
| author_facet | Riham A. El-Shiekh Mariam Hassan Rasha A. Hashem Essam Abdel-Sattar |
| author_sort | Riham A. El-Shiekh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (MDRAB) present a serious challenge because of their capability to cause biofilm resistance to commonly used antibiotics producing chronic infections and hindering the process of wound healing. In the current study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i> extracts (MeOH, and its fractions CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> and <i>n</i>-butanol) against multidrug-resistant MRSA USA300 and <i>A. baumannii</i> AB5057. In vitro, the MeOH extract and both fractions of <i>C. quadrangula</i> significantly inhibited biofilm formation and disrupted previously established biofilm by MRSA and MDRAB at all the tested concentrations (0.625, 0.313, and 0.156 mg/mL). In vivo, <i>C. quadrangula</i> extracts successfully decreased bacterial loads in MRSA-infected skin lesions in mice. Four pregnane glycosides and one flavone glycoside were isolated from the bioactive <i>n</i>-butanol fraction. The isolated compounds (<b>Rus A</b>–<b>E</b>) were tested for their biofilm inhibition and biofilm detachment activities. The results revealed that <b>Rus C</b> was the most active compound (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.139 mmole), while <b>Rus E</b> was the least active (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.818 mmole). These results support the potential use of <i>C. quadrangula</i> extracts or their isolated compounds for hindering the biofilm attachment and the virulence of MRSA and MDRAB and their application as a topical antimicrobial preparation for MRSA skin infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:47:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26e486588f534fbaa72c26d95235f220 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:47:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-26e486588f534fbaa72c26d95235f2202023-11-22T03:03:32ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822021-07-0110781110.3390/antibiotics10070811Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant PathogensRiham A. El-Shiekh0Mariam Hassan1Rasha A. Hashem2Essam Abdel-Sattar3Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, EgyptMethicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (MDRAB) present a serious challenge because of their capability to cause biofilm resistance to commonly used antibiotics producing chronic infections and hindering the process of wound healing. In the current study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i> extracts (MeOH, and its fractions CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> and <i>n</i>-butanol) against multidrug-resistant MRSA USA300 and <i>A. baumannii</i> AB5057. In vitro, the MeOH extract and both fractions of <i>C. quadrangula</i> significantly inhibited biofilm formation and disrupted previously established biofilm by MRSA and MDRAB at all the tested concentrations (0.625, 0.313, and 0.156 mg/mL). In vivo, <i>C. quadrangula</i> extracts successfully decreased bacterial loads in MRSA-infected skin lesions in mice. Four pregnane glycosides and one flavone glycoside were isolated from the bioactive <i>n</i>-butanol fraction. The isolated compounds (<b>Rus A</b>–<b>E</b>) were tested for their biofilm inhibition and biofilm detachment activities. The results revealed that <b>Rus C</b> was the most active compound (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.139 mmole), while <b>Rus E</b> was the least active (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.818 mmole). These results support the potential use of <i>C. quadrangula</i> extracts or their isolated compounds for hindering the biofilm attachment and the virulence of MRSA and MDRAB and their application as a topical antimicrobial preparation for MRSA skin infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/7/811antivirulence<i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i><i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>in vivomethicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA)pregnane glycosides |
| spellingShingle | Riham A. El-Shiekh Mariam Hassan Rasha A. Hashem Essam Abdel-Sattar Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens Antibiotics antivirulence <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i> in vivo methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) pregnane glycosides |
| title | Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens |
| title_full | Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens |
| title_short | Bioguided Isolation of Antibiofilm and Antibacterial Pregnane Glycosides from <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i>: Disarming Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens |
| title_sort | bioguided isolation of antibiofilm and antibacterial pregnane glycosides from i caralluma quadrangula i disarming multidrug resistant pathogens |
| topic | antivirulence <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> <i>Caralluma quadrangula</i> in vivo methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) pregnane glycosides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/10/7/811 |
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