Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics
Lead-free (K _0.48 Na _0.48 Li _0.04 )(Nb _0.95 Sb _0.05 )O _3 (KNLNS) ceramics have been successfully optimized for the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures. The experimental results reveal that the KNLNS powder calcined at 850 or 900 °C presented a pure perovskite phase with an orthorho...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Materials Research Express |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/acf191 |
| _version_ | 1797665317058510848 |
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| author | Le Dai Vuong Nguyen Quang Lich Ngo Xuan Cuong Vo Quang Nha Nguyen Dang Nhat Le Dinh Hieu Lai Phươc Son Huynh Thi Thuy Linh Nguyen Huu Chuc Tran Nguyen An Tuyen Trinh Ngoc Dat Pai-Chun Wei |
| author_facet | Le Dai Vuong Nguyen Quang Lich Ngo Xuan Cuong Vo Quang Nha Nguyen Dang Nhat Le Dinh Hieu Lai Phươc Son Huynh Thi Thuy Linh Nguyen Huu Chuc Tran Nguyen An Tuyen Trinh Ngoc Dat Pai-Chun Wei |
| author_sort | Le Dai Vuong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lead-free (K _0.48 Na _0.48 Li _0.04 )(Nb _0.95 Sb _0.05 )O _3 (KNLNS) ceramics have been successfully optimized for the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures. The experimental results reveal that the KNLNS powder calcined at 850 or 900 °C presented a pure perovskite phase with an orthorhombic phase. The particle size was in the range of 0.1–0.4 μ m. The two-step sintering temperature (range: 950 to 1100 °C) significantly affects the structure, microstructure, and electrical properties of KNLNS ceramics. The presence of a pure perovskite phase with good crystallization is observed in all samples. The microstructure was researched by varying the two-step sintering temperature to obtain a dense microstructure and a clear grain boundary in order to optimize their piezoelectric properties. The best electrical properties of KNLNS ceramics were recorded at the optimized temperature of 1050 °C (density ( ρ ): 4,35 g cm ^−3 ; electromechanical coupling factor ( k _p ): 0.33, k _t : 0.35; dielectric constant ( ε _r ): 849; dielectric loss (tan δ ): 0.073; maximum dielectric constant ( ε _max at T _C ): 6659; piezoelectric constant ( d _33 ): 195 pC N ^−1 ; remanent polarization ( P _r ): 16.1 μ C cm ^−2 ; energy storage density ( W _rec ): 0.36 J cm ^−3 ; energy storage efficiency ( η ): 48.1%; t _2 = 4 h), proving the efficacy of the two-step sintering technique. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:42:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-26eccd82e4f74386aaa0312dd11fa3a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T19:42:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-26eccd82e4f74386aaa0312dd11fa3a12023-10-06T07:35:03ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912023-01-01101010570110.1088/2053-1591/acf191Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramicsLe Dai Vuong0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9200-2219Nguyen Quang Lich1Ngo Xuan Cuong2Vo Quang Nha3Nguyen Dang Nhat4Le Dinh Hieu5Lai Phươc Son6Huynh Thi Thuy Linh7Nguyen Huu Chuc8Tran Nguyen An Tuyen9Trinh Ngoc Dat10Pai-Chun Wei11School of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamSchool of Engineering and Technology - Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamPhu Xuan University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamUniversity of Sciences, Hue University , Hue City, Thua Thien Hue Province, VietnamUniversity of Science and Education, University of Danang , Da Nang City, VietnamDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan, 70101 TaiwanLead-free (K _0.48 Na _0.48 Li _0.04 )(Nb _0.95 Sb _0.05 )O _3 (KNLNS) ceramics have been successfully optimized for the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures. The experimental results reveal that the KNLNS powder calcined at 850 or 900 °C presented a pure perovskite phase with an orthorhombic phase. The particle size was in the range of 0.1–0.4 μ m. The two-step sintering temperature (range: 950 to 1100 °C) significantly affects the structure, microstructure, and electrical properties of KNLNS ceramics. The presence of a pure perovskite phase with good crystallization is observed in all samples. The microstructure was researched by varying the two-step sintering temperature to obtain a dense microstructure and a clear grain boundary in order to optimize their piezoelectric properties. The best electrical properties of KNLNS ceramics were recorded at the optimized temperature of 1050 °C (density ( ρ ): 4,35 g cm ^−3 ; electromechanical coupling factor ( k _p ): 0.33, k _t : 0.35; dielectric constant ( ε _r ): 849; dielectric loss (tan δ ): 0.073; maximum dielectric constant ( ε _max at T _C ): 6659; piezoelectric constant ( d _33 ): 195 pC N ^−1 ; remanent polarization ( P _r ): 16.1 μ C cm ^−2 ; energy storage density ( W _rec ): 0.36 J cm ^−3 ; energy storage efficiency ( η ): 48.1%; t _2 = 4 h), proving the efficacy of the two-step sintering technique.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/acf191lead-free ceramicsKNLNSthe two-step sintering methodenergy storage efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Le Dai Vuong Nguyen Quang Lich Ngo Xuan Cuong Vo Quang Nha Nguyen Dang Nhat Le Dinh Hieu Lai Phươc Son Huynh Thi Thuy Linh Nguyen Huu Chuc Tran Nguyen An Tuyen Trinh Ngoc Dat Pai-Chun Wei Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics Materials Research Express lead-free ceramics KNLNS the two-step sintering method energy storage efficiency |
| title | Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics |
| title_full | Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics |
| title_short | Optimization of the calcination and two-step sintering temperatures of (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3 ceramics |
| title_sort | optimization of the calcination and two step sintering temperatures of k0 48na0 48li0 04 nb0 95sb0 05 o3 ceramics |
| topic | lead-free ceramics KNLNS the two-step sintering method energy storage efficiency |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/acf191 |
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