| Summary: | As energy-related issues increase significantly, interest in ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) and its potential as a new eco-friendly fuel is increasing substantially. Accordingly, many studies have been conducted on electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR), which can produce ammonia in an environmentally friendly manner using nitrogen molecule (N<sub>2</sub>) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O) in mild conditions. However, research is still at a standstill, showing low performances in faradaic efficiency (FE) and NH<sub>3</sub> production rate due to the competitive reaction and insufficient three-phase boundary (TPB) of N<sub>2</sub>(g)-catalyst(s)-H<sub>2</sub>O(l). Therefore, this review comprehensively describes the main challenges related to the ENRR and examines the strategies of catalyst design and TPB engineering that affect performances. Finally, a direction to further develop ENRR through perspective is provided.
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