Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu
<i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu, endemic to China, is a predominant oilseed crop, due to its high yield and pathogen resistance. Past studies have focused on the aboveground parts of <i>C. yuhsienensis,</i> whereas the microbial community of the rhizosphere has not been repor...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1385 |
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| author | Jun Li Ziqiong Luo Chenhui Zhang Xinjing Qu Ming Chen Ting Song Jun Yuan |
| author_facet | Jun Li Ziqiong Luo Chenhui Zhang Xinjing Qu Ming Chen Ting Song Jun Yuan |
| author_sort | Jun Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu, endemic to China, is a predominant oilseed crop, due to its high yield and pathogen resistance. Past studies have focused on the aboveground parts of <i>C. yuhsienensis,</i> whereas the microbial community of the rhizosphere has not been reported yet. This study is the first time to explore the influence of seasonal variation on the microbial community in the rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> were Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes, and the dominant fungi were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota. Seasonal variation has significant effects on the abundance of the bacterial and fungal groups in the rhizosphere. A significant increase in bacterial abundance and diversity in the rhizosphere reflected the root activity of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> in winter. Over the entire year, there were weak correlations between microorganisms and soil physiochemical properties in the rhizosphere. In this study, we found that the bacterial biomarkers in the rhizosphere were chemoorganotrophic Gram-negative bacteria that grow under aerobic conditions, and fungal biomarkers, such as <i>Trichoderma</i>, <i>Mortierella,</i> and <i>Lecanicillium</i>, exhibited protection against pathogens in the rhizosphere. In the rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i>, the dominant functions of the bacteria included nitrogen metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and sulfur metabolism. The dominant fungal functional groups were endophytes and ectomycorrhizal fungi of a symbiotroph trophic type. In conclusion, seasonal variation had a remarkable influence on the microbial communities and functions, which were also significantly different in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i>. The rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> provides suitable conditions with good air permeability that allows beneficial bacteria and fungi to dominate the soil microbial community, which can improve the growth and pathogen resistance of <i>C. yuhsienensis.</i> |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:26:11Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-27040402dcab480fa4a7957fbbe74c262023-11-20T13:12:38ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-09-0189138510.3390/microorganisms8091385Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> HuJun Li0Ziqiong Luo1Chenhui Zhang2Xinjing Qu3Ming Chen4Ting Song5Jun Yuan6Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, ChinaKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China<i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu, endemic to China, is a predominant oilseed crop, due to its high yield and pathogen resistance. Past studies have focused on the aboveground parts of <i>C. yuhsienensis,</i> whereas the microbial community of the rhizosphere has not been reported yet. This study is the first time to explore the influence of seasonal variation on the microbial community in the rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> were Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes, and the dominant fungi were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota. Seasonal variation has significant effects on the abundance of the bacterial and fungal groups in the rhizosphere. A significant increase in bacterial abundance and diversity in the rhizosphere reflected the root activity of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> in winter. Over the entire year, there were weak correlations between microorganisms and soil physiochemical properties in the rhizosphere. In this study, we found that the bacterial biomarkers in the rhizosphere were chemoorganotrophic Gram-negative bacteria that grow under aerobic conditions, and fungal biomarkers, such as <i>Trichoderma</i>, <i>Mortierella,</i> and <i>Lecanicillium</i>, exhibited protection against pathogens in the rhizosphere. In the rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i>, the dominant functions of the bacteria included nitrogen metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and sulfur metabolism. The dominant fungal functional groups were endophytes and ectomycorrhizal fungi of a symbiotroph trophic type. In conclusion, seasonal variation had a remarkable influence on the microbial communities and functions, which were also significantly different in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i>. The rhizosphere of <i>C. yuhsienensis</i> provides suitable conditions with good air permeability that allows beneficial bacteria and fungi to dominate the soil microbial community, which can improve the growth and pathogen resistance of <i>C. yuhsienensis.</i>https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1385<i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Huhigh-throughput sequencingseasonal variationrhizospheremicroorganism |
| spellingShingle | Jun Li Ziqiong Luo Chenhui Zhang Xinjing Qu Ming Chen Ting Song Jun Yuan Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu Microorganisms <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu high-throughput sequencing seasonal variation rhizosphere microorganism |
| title | Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu |
| title_full | Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu |
| title_short | Seasonal Variation in the Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structures and Functions of <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu |
| title_sort | seasonal variation in the rhizosphere and non rhizosphere microbial community structures and functions of i camellia yuhsienensis i hu |
| topic | <i>Camellia yuhsienensis</i> Hu high-throughput sequencing seasonal variation rhizosphere microorganism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1385 |
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