Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus </it>is a common cause of foodborne disease. Beginning in 1996, a more virulent strain having serotype O3:K6 caused major outbreaks in India and other parts of the world, resulting in the emerg...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2011-06-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/294 |
| _version_ | 1811252802433843200 |
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| author | Gil Ana I Badger Jonathan H Stine O Colin Chen Yuansha Nair G Balakrish Nishibuchi Mitsuaki Fouts Derrick E |
| author_facet | Gil Ana I Badger Jonathan H Stine O Colin Chen Yuansha Nair G Balakrish Nishibuchi Mitsuaki Fouts Derrick E |
| author_sort | Gil Ana I |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus </it>is a common cause of foodborne disease. Beginning in 1996, a more virulent strain having serotype O3:K6 caused major outbreaks in India and other parts of the world, resulting in the emergence of a pandemic. Other serovariants of this strain emerged during its dissemination and together with the original O3:K6 were termed strains of the pandemic clone. Two genomes, one of this virulent strain and one pre-pandemic strain have been sequenced. We sequenced four additional genomes of <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>in this study that were isolated from different geographical regions and time points. Comparative genomic analyses of six strains of <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>isolated from Asia and Peru were performed in order to advance knowledge concerning the evolution of <it>V. parahaemolyticus</it>; specifically, the genetic changes contributing to serotype conversion and virulence. Two pre-pandemic strains and three pandemic strains, isolated from different geographical regions, were serotype O3:K6 and either toxin profiles (<it>tdh+</it>, <it>trh</it>-) or (<it>tdh-</it>, <it>trh</it>+). The sixth pandemic strain sequenced in this study was serotype O4:K68.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Genomic analyses revealed that the <it>trh</it>+ and <it>tdh</it>+ strains had different types of pathogenicity islands and mobile elements as well as major structural differences between the <it>tdh </it>pathogenicity islands of the pre-pandemic and pandemic strains. In addition, the results of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis showed that 94% of the SNPs between O3:K6 and O4:K68 pandemic isolates were within a 141 kb region surrounding the O- and K-antigen-encoding gene clusters. The "core" genes of <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>were also compared to those of <it>V. cholerae </it>and <it>V. vulnificus</it>, in order to delineate differences between these three pathogenic species. Approximately one-half (49-59%) of each species' core genes were conserved in all three species, and 14-24% of the core genes were species-specific and in different functional categories.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data support the idea that the pandemic strains are closely related and that recent South American outbreaks of foodborne disease caused by <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>are closely linked to outbreaks in India. Serotype conversion from O3:K6 to O4:K68 was likely due to a recombination event involving a region much larger than the O-antigen- and K-antigen-encoding gene clusters. Major differences between pathogenicity islands and mobile elements are also likely driving the evolution of <it>V. parahaemolyticus</it>. In addition, our analyses categorized genes that may be useful in differentiating pathogenic Vibrios at the species level.</p> |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2716214087f44c798ccb4bdec8af03af2022-12-22T03:24:48ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642011-06-0112129410.1186/1471-2164-12-294Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulenceGil Ana IBadger Jonathan HStine O ColinChen YuanshaNair G BalakrishNishibuchi MitsuakiFouts Derrick E<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus </it>is a common cause of foodborne disease. Beginning in 1996, a more virulent strain having serotype O3:K6 caused major outbreaks in India and other parts of the world, resulting in the emergence of a pandemic. Other serovariants of this strain emerged during its dissemination and together with the original O3:K6 were termed strains of the pandemic clone. Two genomes, one of this virulent strain and one pre-pandemic strain have been sequenced. We sequenced four additional genomes of <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>in this study that were isolated from different geographical regions and time points. Comparative genomic analyses of six strains of <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>isolated from Asia and Peru were performed in order to advance knowledge concerning the evolution of <it>V. parahaemolyticus</it>; specifically, the genetic changes contributing to serotype conversion and virulence. Two pre-pandemic strains and three pandemic strains, isolated from different geographical regions, were serotype O3:K6 and either toxin profiles (<it>tdh+</it>, <it>trh</it>-) or (<it>tdh-</it>, <it>trh</it>+). The sixth pandemic strain sequenced in this study was serotype O4:K68.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Genomic analyses revealed that the <it>trh</it>+ and <it>tdh</it>+ strains had different types of pathogenicity islands and mobile elements as well as major structural differences between the <it>tdh </it>pathogenicity islands of the pre-pandemic and pandemic strains. In addition, the results of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis showed that 94% of the SNPs between O3:K6 and O4:K68 pandemic isolates were within a 141 kb region surrounding the O- and K-antigen-encoding gene clusters. The "core" genes of <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>were also compared to those of <it>V. cholerae </it>and <it>V. vulnificus</it>, in order to delineate differences between these three pathogenic species. Approximately one-half (49-59%) of each species' core genes were conserved in all three species, and 14-24% of the core genes were species-specific and in different functional categories.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data support the idea that the pandemic strains are closely related and that recent South American outbreaks of foodborne disease caused by <it>V. parahaemolyticus </it>are closely linked to outbreaks in India. Serotype conversion from O3:K6 to O4:K68 was likely due to a recombination event involving a region much larger than the O-antigen- and K-antigen-encoding gene clusters. Major differences between pathogenicity islands and mobile elements are also likely driving the evolution of <it>V. parahaemolyticus</it>. In addition, our analyses categorized genes that may be useful in differentiating pathogenic Vibrios at the species level.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/294 |
| spellingShingle | Gil Ana I Badger Jonathan H Stine O Colin Chen Yuansha Nair G Balakrish Nishibuchi Mitsuaki Fouts Derrick E Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence BMC Genomics |
| title | Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence |
| title_full | Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence |
| title_fullStr | Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence |
| title_short | Comparative genomic analysis of <it>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</it>: serotype conversion and virulence |
| title_sort | comparative genomic analysis of it vibrio parahaemolyticus it serotype conversion and virulence |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/294 |
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