Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings
Salt stress is an adverse impact on the growth and development of plants, leading to yield losses in crops. It has been suggested that nitric oxide (NO) and calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) act as critical signals in regulating plant growth. However, their crosstalk remains unclear under st...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/19/2479 |
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| author | Nana Qi Ni Wang Xuemei Hou Yihua Li Weibiao Liao |
| author_facet | Nana Qi Ni Wang Xuemei Hou Yihua Li Weibiao Liao |
| author_sort | Nana Qi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salt stress is an adverse impact on the growth and development of plants, leading to yield losses in crops. It has been suggested that nitric oxide (NO) and calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) act as critical signals in regulating plant growth. However, their crosstalk remains unclear under stress condition. In this study, we demonstrate that NO and Ca<sup>2+</sup> play positive roles in the growth of tomato (<i>Lycopersicum esculentum</i>) seedlings under salt stress. Our data show that Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel inhibitor lanthanum chloride (LaCl<sub>3</sub>), Ca<sup>2+</sup> chelator ethylene glycol-bis (2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), or calmodulin (CaM) antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfona-mide hydrochloride (W-7) significantly reversed the effect of NO-promoted the growth of tomato seedlings under salt stress. We further show that NO and Ca<sup>2+</sup> significantly decreased reactive oxygen accumulation, increased proline content, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as increased expression of antioxidant enzymes related genes. However, LaCl<sub>3</sub>, EGTA, and W-7 prevented the positive roles of NO. In addition, the activity of downstream target enzymes related to Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CaM was increased by NO under salt stress, while LaCl<sub>3,</sub> EGTA, and W-7 reversed this enhancement. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CaM might be involved in NO-alleviate salt stress. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:17:38Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:17:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-271780e26b5d4aadb4b47b3b79dc0d4f2023-11-23T21:28:13ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-09-011119247910.3390/plants11192479Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato SeedlingsNana Qi0Ni Wang1Xuemei Hou2Yihua Li3Weibiao Liao4College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaCollege of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, ChinaSalt stress is an adverse impact on the growth and development of plants, leading to yield losses in crops. It has been suggested that nitric oxide (NO) and calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) act as critical signals in regulating plant growth. However, their crosstalk remains unclear under stress condition. In this study, we demonstrate that NO and Ca<sup>2+</sup> play positive roles in the growth of tomato (<i>Lycopersicum esculentum</i>) seedlings under salt stress. Our data show that Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel inhibitor lanthanum chloride (LaCl<sub>3</sub>), Ca<sup>2+</sup> chelator ethylene glycol-bis (2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), or calmodulin (CaM) antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfona-mide hydrochloride (W-7) significantly reversed the effect of NO-promoted the growth of tomato seedlings under salt stress. We further show that NO and Ca<sup>2+</sup> significantly decreased reactive oxygen accumulation, increased proline content, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as increased expression of antioxidant enzymes related genes. However, LaCl<sub>3</sub>, EGTA, and W-7 prevented the positive roles of NO. In addition, the activity of downstream target enzymes related to Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CaM was increased by NO under salt stress, while LaCl<sub>3,</sub> EGTA, and W-7 reversed this enhancement. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CaM might be involved in NO-alleviate salt stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/19/2479nitric oxidecalcium ion/calmodulinsalt stressgrowthreactive oxygen |
| spellingShingle | Nana Qi Ni Wang Xuemei Hou Yihua Li Weibiao Liao Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings Plants nitric oxide calcium ion/calmodulin salt stress growth reactive oxygen |
| title | Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings |
| title_full | Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings |
| title_fullStr | Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings |
| title_short | Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings |
| title_sort | involvement of calcium and calmodulin in no alleviated salt stress in tomato seedlings |
| topic | nitric oxide calcium ion/calmodulin salt stress growth reactive oxygen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/19/2479 |
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