Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry
Polysulfides (H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub>) represent a class of reactive sulfur species (RSS) which includes molecules such as H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-04-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1359 |
| _version_ | 1819152221444505600 |
|---|---|
| author | Ammar Kharma Marian Grman Anton Misak Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez Muhammad Jawad Nasim Karol Ondrias Miroslav Chovanec Claus Jacob |
| author_facet | Ammar Kharma Marian Grman Anton Misak Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez Muhammad Jawad Nasim Karol Ondrias Miroslav Chovanec Claus Jacob |
| author_sort | Ammar Kharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polysulfides (H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub>) represent a class of reactive sulfur species (RSS) which includes molecules such as H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5,</sub> and whose presence and impact in biological systems, when compared to other sulfur compounds, has only recently attracted the wider attention of researchers. Studies in this field have revealed a facet-rich chemistry and biological activity associated with such chemically simple, still unusual inorganic molecules. Despite their chemical simplicity, these inorganic species, as reductants and oxidants, metal binders, surfactant-like “cork screws„ for membranes, components of perthiol signalling and reservoirs for inorganic hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), are at the centre of complicated formation and transformation pathways which affect numerous cellular processes. Starting from their chemistry, the hidden presence and various roles of polysulfides in biology may become more apparent, despite their lack of clear analytical fingerprints and often murky biochemical footprints. Indeed, the biological chemistry of H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub> follows many unexplored paths and today, the relationship between H<sub>2</sub>S and its oxidized H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub> species needs to be clarified as a matter of “unmistaken identity„. Simultaneously, emerging species, such as HSSeSH and Se<sub>n</sub>S<sub>8−n</sub>, also need to be considered in earnest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T14:45:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2721c284e0c343dba5ba42c5381e6966 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T14:45:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-2721c284e0c343dba5ba42c5381e69662022-12-21T18:22:27ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-04-01247135910.3390/molecules24071359molecules24071359Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of ChemistryAmmar Kharma0Marian Grman1Anton Misak2Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez3Muhammad Jawad Nasim4Karol Ondrias5Miroslav Chovanec6Claus Jacob7Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, D-66123 Saarbruecken, GermanyInstitute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakInstitute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakInstituto de Química Orgánica General, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQOG-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, SpainDivision of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, D-66123 Saarbruecken, GermanyInstitute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakCancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Centre, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakDivision of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Saarland, D-66123 Saarbruecken, GermanyPolysulfides (H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub>) represent a class of reactive sulfur species (RSS) which includes molecules such as H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>, and H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5,</sub> and whose presence and impact in biological systems, when compared to other sulfur compounds, has only recently attracted the wider attention of researchers. Studies in this field have revealed a facet-rich chemistry and biological activity associated with such chemically simple, still unusual inorganic molecules. Despite their chemical simplicity, these inorganic species, as reductants and oxidants, metal binders, surfactant-like “cork screws„ for membranes, components of perthiol signalling and reservoirs for inorganic hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S), are at the centre of complicated formation and transformation pathways which affect numerous cellular processes. Starting from their chemistry, the hidden presence and various roles of polysulfides in biology may become more apparent, despite their lack of clear analytical fingerprints and often murky biochemical footprints. Indeed, the biological chemistry of H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub> follows many unexplored paths and today, the relationship between H<sub>2</sub>S and its oxidized H<sub>2</sub>S<sub>x</sub> species needs to be clarified as a matter of “unmistaken identity„. Simultaneously, emerging species, such as HSSeSH and Se<sub>n</sub>S<sub>8−n</sub>, also need to be considered in earnest.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1359hydrogen sulfideselenitereactive sulfur speciesreactive selenium speciespolysulfides |
| spellingShingle | Ammar Kharma Marian Grman Anton Misak Enrique Domínguez-Álvarez Muhammad Jawad Nasim Karol Ondrias Miroslav Chovanec Claus Jacob Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry Molecules hydrogen sulfide selenite reactive sulfur species reactive selenium species polysulfides |
| title | Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry |
| title_full | Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry |
| title_fullStr | Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry |
| title_short | Inorganic Polysulfides and Related Reactive Sulfur–Selenium Species from the Perspective of Chemistry |
| title_sort | inorganic polysulfides and related reactive sulfur selenium species from the perspective of chemistry |
| topic | hydrogen sulfide selenite reactive sulfur species reactive selenium species polysulfides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1359 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ammarkharma inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT mariangrman inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT antonmisak inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT enriquedominguezalvarez inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT muhammadjawadnasim inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT karolondrias inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT miroslavchovanec inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry AT clausjacob inorganicpolysulfidesandrelatedreactivesulfurseleniumspeciesfromtheperspectiveofchemistry |