Factors Affecting the Serum Cotinine Level of Male Smokers in Malang, Indonesia
Background: In tobacco, nicotine is the primary toxic agent that causes health problems. As a primary metabolite of nicotine, cotinine is frequently used as an accurate measure of exposure to tobacco smoke. This study aims to find the factors affecting the serum cotinine level of male smokers in Mal...
Main Authors: | Kumboyono Kumboyono, Indah Nur Chomsy, Wahyu Santoso Hidayat, Ardhi Khoirul Hakim, Nadya Neyza Shalshabilla, Hidayat Sujuti, Cholid Tri Tjahtjono, Arie Srihardyastutie, Tita Hariyanti, Titin Andri Wihastuti |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
2023-09-01
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Series: | International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://journals.sbmu.ac.ir/ijmtfm/article/view/40130 |
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