<i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway
Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome that has been identified as a potential complication of COVID-19. There is a critical need to shed light on the underlying mechanistic pathways and explore novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effec...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/1/68 |
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| author | Hany G. Attia Suzan M. El-Morshedy Ahmed M. Nagy Ammar M. Ibrahim Mohamed Aleraky Sahar S. Abdelrahman Samir M. Osman Saeed M. Alasmari Mohamed A. El Raey Mohamed F. Abdelhameed |
| author_facet | Hany G. Attia Suzan M. El-Morshedy Ahmed M. Nagy Ammar M. Ibrahim Mohamed Aleraky Sahar S. Abdelrahman Samir M. Osman Saeed M. Alasmari Mohamed A. El Raey Mohamed F. Abdelhameed |
| author_sort | Hany G. Attia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome that has been identified as a potential complication of COVID-19. There is a critical need to shed light on the underlying mechanistic pathways and explore novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effects of <i>Citrus clementine</i> essential oil (CCEO) in treating potassium dichromate (PDC)-induced ALI. The chemical profile of CCEO was created through GC–MS analysis. An in vivo study in rats was conducted to evaluate the effect of CCEO administrated via two different delivery systems (oral/inhalation) in mitigating acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intranasal instillation of PDC. Eight volatile compounds were identified, with monoterpene hydrocarbons accounting for 97.03% of the identified constituents, including 88.84% of D-limonene. CCEO at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These significant antioxidant properties were revealed through the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the restoration of reduced glutathione (GSH). In addition, inflammation reduction was observed by decreasing levels of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor growth factor-β (TNF-α and TGF-β), along with an increase in phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt overexpression in lung tissue homogenate, in both oral and inhalation routes, compared to the PDC-induced group. These results were supported by histopathological studies and immunohistochemical assessment of TGF-β levels in lung tissues. These findings revealed that CCEO plays an integral role in relieving ALI induced by intranasal PDC and suggests it as a promising remedy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:50:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-27258a4d977e4aaf910368b8b79d189b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:50:39Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-27258a4d977e4aaf910368b8b79d189b2024-01-29T14:05:13ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892024-01-011416810.3390/metabo14010068<i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT PathwayHany G. Attia0Suzan M. El-Morshedy1Ahmed M. Nagy2Ammar M. Ibrahim3Mohamed Aleraky4Sahar S. Abdelrahman5Samir M. Osman6Saeed M. Alasmari7Mohamed A. El Raey8Mohamed F. Abdelhameed9Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi ArabiaClinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, EgyptDepartment of Animal Reproduction & AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Center, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, EgyptApplied Medical Sciences College, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Al-Azhar University, New Damietta 11651, EgyptDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Oct. 6 University, Giza 12585, EgyptApplied Medical Sciences College, Najran University, Najran 55461, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, Pharmaceutical Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, EgyptPharmacology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo 12622, EgyptAcute Lung Injury (ALI) is a life-threatening syndrome that has been identified as a potential complication of COVID-19. There is a critical need to shed light on the underlying mechanistic pathways and explore novel therapeutic strategies. This study aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effects of <i>Citrus clementine</i> essential oil (CCEO) in treating potassium dichromate (PDC)-induced ALI. The chemical profile of CCEO was created through GC–MS analysis. An in vivo study in rats was conducted to evaluate the effect of CCEO administrated via two different delivery systems (oral/inhalation) in mitigating acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intranasal instillation of PDC. Eight volatile compounds were identified, with monoterpene hydrocarbons accounting for 97.03% of the identified constituents, including 88.84% of D-limonene. CCEO at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These significant antioxidant properties were revealed through the reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the restoration of reduced glutathione (GSH). In addition, inflammation reduction was observed by decreasing levels of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and tumor growth factor-β (TNF-α and TGF-β), along with an increase in phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt overexpression in lung tissue homogenate, in both oral and inhalation routes, compared to the PDC-induced group. These results were supported by histopathological studies and immunohistochemical assessment of TGF-β levels in lung tissues. These findings revealed that CCEO plays an integral role in relieving ALI induced by intranasal PDC and suggests it as a promising remedy.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/1/68lung injurypotassium dichromateAKTPI3Koxidative stress<i>Citrus clementine</i> |
| spellingShingle | Hany G. Attia Suzan M. El-Morshedy Ahmed M. Nagy Ammar M. Ibrahim Mohamed Aleraky Sahar S. Abdelrahman Samir M. Osman Saeed M. Alasmari Mohamed A. El Raey Mohamed F. Abdelhameed <i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway Metabolites lung injury potassium dichromate AKT PI3K oxidative stress <i>Citrus clementine</i> |
| title | <i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway |
| title_full | <i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway |
| title_fullStr | <i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway |
| title_short | <i>Citrus clementine</i> Peel Essential Oil Ameliorates Potassium Dichromate-Induced Lung Injury: Insights into the PI3K/AKT Pathway |
| title_sort | i citrus clementine i peel essential oil ameliorates potassium dichromate induced lung injury insights into the pi3k akt pathway |
| topic | lung injury potassium dichromate AKT PI3K oxidative stress <i>Citrus clementine</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/14/1/68 |
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