Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent, with a dramatic increase in recent years. Moreover, its microvascular and macrovascular complications cause significant societal issues. The demand for new and effective antidiabetic therapies grows with each passing day and motivates organizations and i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2019.00586/full |
| _version_ | 1811223169850146816 |
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| author | Wei Zhu Wen Huang Zhiqiang Xu Mengda Cao Qiaoli Hu Chen Pan Miao Guo Ji-Fu Wei Hongyu Yuan |
| author_facet | Wei Zhu Wen Huang Zhiqiang Xu Mengda Cao Qiaoli Hu Chen Pan Miao Guo Ji-Fu Wei Hongyu Yuan |
| author_sort | Wei Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent, with a dramatic increase in recent years. Moreover, its microvascular and macrovascular complications cause significant societal issues. The demand for new and effective antidiabetic therapies grows with each passing day and motivates organizations and individuals to pay more attention to such products. In this article, we focused on oral antihyperglycemic drugs patented in China and introduced them according to their antihyperglycemic mechanisms. By searching the website of State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China (http://www.sipo.gov.cn), 2,500 antihyperglycemic patents for T2DM were identified and analyzed. These consisted of 4 patents for derivatives of herbal extracts (0.2%), 162 patents for herbal extracts (6.5%), 61 compositions for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (2.4%), 2,263 patents for synthetic compounds (90.5%), and 10 (0.4%) patents of the combination of synthetic compounds and TCM. As the most common drugs for diabetes mellitus, synthetic compounds can also be classified into several categories according to their working mechanisms, such as insulin secretion promotor agents, insulin sensitizer agents, α-glucosidase inhibitors, and so forth. This article discussed the chemical structure, potential antihyperglycemic mechanism of these antihyperglycemic drugs in patents in China.Expert opinion: Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function could be improved by weight loss to prevent prediabetes into T2DM. However, 40–50% patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) still progress to T2DM, even after successful long-term weight loss.Antihyperglycemic remedies provide a treatment option to improve insulin sensitivity and maintain β-cell function. Combination therapy is the best treatment for diabetes. Combination therapy can reduce the dosage of each single drug option, and avoid the side effects. Drugs with different mechanisms are complementary, and are better adapted to patients with changing conditions. Classical combination therapies include combinations such as sulfonylureas plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors, biguanide plus glucosidase inhibitors or insulin sensitizers, insulin treatment plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors. The general principle of combination therapy is that two drugs with different mechanisms are selected jointly, and the combination of three types of hypoglycemic drugs is not recommended. After reading a large amount of literature, we have rarely found a case of three oral hypoglycemic agents, which may mean that the combination of three oral hypoglycemic agents is unnecessary and has unpredictable risks. There is no objection to the idea of multi-drug therapy. But multiple drugs can only be used when it shows a significant benefit to the patients. Combined use of multiple antidiabetic drugs poses a risk to patients due to drug interactions and overtreatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:28:25Z |
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| id | doaj.art-2728a71e1e53424cbc69e6ac1e369d9a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:28:25Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-2728a71e1e53424cbc69e6ac1e369d9a2022-12-22T03:40:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122019-05-011010.3389/fphar.2019.00586434475Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes MellitusWei Zhu0Wen Huang1Zhiqiang Xu2Mengda Cao3Qiaoli Hu4Chen Pan5Miao Guo6Ji-Fu Wei7Hongyu Yuan8Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaDepartment of GCP Office, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaResearch Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaResearch Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaResearch Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, ChinaResearch Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaResearch Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaResearch Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, ChinaType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prevalent, with a dramatic increase in recent years. Moreover, its microvascular and macrovascular complications cause significant societal issues. The demand for new and effective antidiabetic therapies grows with each passing day and motivates organizations and individuals to pay more attention to such products. In this article, we focused on oral antihyperglycemic drugs patented in China and introduced them according to their antihyperglycemic mechanisms. By searching the website of State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China (http://www.sipo.gov.cn), 2,500 antihyperglycemic patents for T2DM were identified and analyzed. These consisted of 4 patents for derivatives of herbal extracts (0.2%), 162 patents for herbal extracts (6.5%), 61 compositions for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (2.4%), 2,263 patents for synthetic compounds (90.5%), and 10 (0.4%) patents of the combination of synthetic compounds and TCM. As the most common drugs for diabetes mellitus, synthetic compounds can also be classified into several categories according to their working mechanisms, such as insulin secretion promotor agents, insulin sensitizer agents, α-glucosidase inhibitors, and so forth. This article discussed the chemical structure, potential antihyperglycemic mechanism of these antihyperglycemic drugs in patents in China.Expert opinion: Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function could be improved by weight loss to prevent prediabetes into T2DM. However, 40–50% patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) still progress to T2DM, even after successful long-term weight loss.Antihyperglycemic remedies provide a treatment option to improve insulin sensitivity and maintain β-cell function. Combination therapy is the best treatment for diabetes. Combination therapy can reduce the dosage of each single drug option, and avoid the side effects. Drugs with different mechanisms are complementary, and are better adapted to patients with changing conditions. Classical combination therapies include combinations such as sulfonylureas plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors, biguanide plus glucosidase inhibitors or insulin sensitizers, insulin treatment plus biguanides or glucosidase inhibitors. The general principle of combination therapy is that two drugs with different mechanisms are selected jointly, and the combination of three types of hypoglycemic drugs is not recommended. After reading a large amount of literature, we have rarely found a case of three oral hypoglycemic agents, which may mean that the combination of three oral hypoglycemic agents is unnecessary and has unpredictable risks. There is no objection to the idea of multi-drug therapy. But multiple drugs can only be used when it shows a significant benefit to the patients. Combined use of multiple antidiabetic drugs poses a risk to patients due to drug interactions and overtreatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2019.00586/fulltype 2 diabetes mellitusantihyperglycemicpatentreviewtherapy |
| spellingShingle | Wei Zhu Wen Huang Zhiqiang Xu Mengda Cao Qiaoli Hu Chen Pan Miao Guo Ji-Fu Wei Hongyu Yuan Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Frontiers in Pharmacology type 2 diabetes mellitus antihyperglycemic patent review therapy |
| title | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_short | Analysis of Patents Issued in China for Antihyperglycemic Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_sort | analysis of patents issued in china for antihyperglycemic therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| topic | type 2 diabetes mellitus antihyperglycemic patent review therapy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2019.00586/full |
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